↑ECUADOR
ECUADOR↑

TARGETS
SPECIALTIES

TAPICHALACA RESERVE

ECUADOR
LOCALE

Area (ha):2,000
Altitude (m):1980-3050
# Species:378
# Excl Vagrants:378
# Endemics:0
# Near Endemics:28
Species/100 ha:18.9
Habitat: Wet temperate forest

BIRD CHECKLIST

The table below lists species recorded at this locale but does not indicate frequency of occurrence there. It does indicate whether each species is globally threatened or endangered according to the IUCN and also whether it is migratory, very rare, or accidental in the country. The list is based on available data and may be incomplete.*

color codes

 
Tinamous: Tinamidae

1Tawny-breasted TinamouNothocercus juliusR
2Highland TinamouNothocercus bonaparteiR

 
Ducks: Anatidae

3Torrent DuckMerganetta armataUC
4Andean TealAnas andiumUC

 
Guans, Chachalacas, and Curassows: Cracidae

5Sickle-winged GuanChamaepetes goudotiiUC
6Bearded GuanPenelope barbata 

 
New World Quail: Odontophoridae

7Rufous-breasted Wood-QuailOdontophorus speciosusR

 
Pigeons and Doves: Columbidae

8Rock PigeonColumba livia?
9Band-tailed PigeonPatagioenas fasciataC
10Plumbeous PigeonPatagioenas plumbea?
11Ruddy PigeonPatagioenas subvinaceaUC
12&Maroon-chested Ground DovelParaclaravis mondetouraR
13White-tipped DoveLeptotila verreauxi 
14White-throated Quail-DoveZentrygon frenataUC

 
Cuckoos: Cuculidae

15Smooth-billed AniCrotophaga aniUC
16Common Squirrel-CuckooPiaya cayanaUC

 
Nightjars and Allies: Caprimulgidae

17Rufous-bellied NighthawkLurocalis rufiventrisR
18Common PauraqueNyctidromus albicollisFC
19Swallow-tailed NightjarUropsalis segmentataUC
20Lyre-tailed NightjarUropsalis lyraR
21Band-winged NightjarSystellura longirostrisUC

 
Potoos: Nyctibiidae

22Common PotooNyctibius griseusR
23Andean PotooNyctibius maculosusR

 
Oilbird: Steatornithidae

24OilbirdSteatornis caripensisR

 
Swifts: Apodidae

25Chestnut-collared SwiftStreptoprocne rutilaUC
26White-collared SwiftStreptoprocne zonarisUC
27White-tipped SwiftAeronautes montivagus?

 
Hummingbirds: Trochilidae

28White-tipped SicklebillEutoxeres aquilaR
29Green HermitPhaethornis guy?
30Tawny-bellied HermitPhaethornis syrmatophorusUC
31Gray-chinned HermitPhaethornis griseogularis?
32Green-fronted LancebillDoryfera ludovicaeUC
33Lesser VioletearColibri cyanotusR
34Sparkling VioletearColibri coruscansR
35Amethyst-throated SunangelHeliangelus amethysticollisC
36Little SunangelHeliangelus micrasterC
37Purple-throated SunangelHeliangelus viola?
38Ecuadorian PiedtailPhlogophilus hemileucurus?
39Speckled HummingbirdAdelomyia melanogenysFC
40Long-tailed SylphAglaiocercus kingiiFC
41Green-headed HillstarOreotrochilus stolzmanniR
42Rufous-capped ThornbillChalcostigma ruficepsUC
43Rainbow-bearded ThornbillChalcostigma herraniUC
44Tyrian MetaltailMetallura tyrianthinaUC
45Viridian MetaltailMetallura williamiVR
46Neblina MetaltailMetallura odomaeFC
47Greenish PufflegHaplophaedia aureliaeUC
48Glowing PufflegEriocnemis vestitaFC
49Shining SunbeamAglaeactis cupripennisUC
50Bronzy IncaCoeligena coeligenaUC
51Collared IncaCoeligena torquataC
52Rainbow StarfrontletCoeligena irisFC
53Buff-winged StarfrontletCoeligena lutetiaeFC
54Mountain VelvetbreastLafresnaya lafresnayiUC
55Great SapphirewingPterophanes cyanopterusUC
56Chestnut-breasted CoronetBoissonneaua matthewsiiC
57White-booted Racket-tailOcreatus underwoodiiR
58Peruvian Racket-tailOcreatus peruanus?
59Green-backed HillstarUrochroa leucura?
60Fawn-breasted BrilliantHeliodoxa rubinoidesFC
61Violet-fronted BrilliantHeliodoxa leadbeateri?
62Long-billed StarthroatHeliomaster longirostris?
63White-bellied WoodstarChaetocercus mulsantFC
64Amazilia HummingbirdAmazilis amazilia?
65Andean EmeraldUranomitra franciaeR

 
Rails, Gallinules, and Coots: Rallidae

66Blackish RailPardirallus nigricansR
67/Sora/Porzana carolina?

 
Sandpipers and Allies: Scolopacidae

68/Upland Sandpiper/Bartramia longicaudaR
69Imperial SnipeGallinago imperialisUC
70Jameson's SnipeGallinago jamesoniFC
71/Spotted Sandpiper/Actitis maculariusR
72|Baird's Sandpiper|Calidris bairdiiR

 
Storks: Ciconiidae

73&Wood StorklMycteria americanaVR

 
Herons, Egrets, and Bitterns: Ardeidae

74Fasciated Tiger-HeronTigrisoma fasciatum?
75Striated HeronButorides striataVR

 
New World Vultures: Cathartidae

76Black VultureCoragyps atratusUC
77Turkey VultureCathartes auraUC

 
Hawks, Eagles, and Kites: Accipitridae

78Pearl KiteGampsonyx swainsonii?
79Hook-billed KiteChondrohierax uncinatus?
80Swallow-tailed KiteElanoides forficatusUC
81Black-and-chestnut EagleSpizaetus isidoriR
82Sharp-shinned HawkAccipiter striatusUC
83Bicolored HawkAstur bicolorVR
84Semicollared HawkMicrospizias collarisVR
85Plumbeous KiteIctinia plumbea?
86Barred HawkMorphnarchus princeps?
87Solitary EagleButeogallus solitariusVR
88Roadside HawkRupornis magnirostrisFC
89White-rumped HawkParabuteo leucorrhousFC
90Variable HawkGeranoaetus polyosomaR
91Black-chested Buzzard-EagleGeranoaetus melanoleucusR
92/Broad-winged Hawk/Buteo platypterusFC
93White-throated HawkButeo albigulaR

 
Owls: Strigidae

94White-throated Screech-OwlMegascops albogularisUC
95Rufescent Screech-OwlMegascops ingensR
96Andean Pygmy-OwlGlaucidium jardiniiR
97Peruvian Pygmy-OwlGlaucidium peruanum 
98Rufous-banded OwlStrix albitarsisUC
99Short-eared OwlAsio flammeusR

 
Trogons: Trogonidae

100Golden-headed QuetzalPharomachrus auricepsUC
101Crested QuetzalPharomachrus antisianusR
102Masked TrogonTrogon personatusUC

 
Motmots: Momotidae

103Andean MotmotMomotus aequatorialisR

 
Kingfishers: Alcedinidae

104Green KingfisherChloroceryle americanaR

 
Puffbirds: Bucconidae

105White-faced NunbirdHapaloptila castaneaR

 
New World Barbets: Capitonidae

106Red-headed BarbetEubucco bourcierii?

 
Toucans: Ramphastidae

107Southern Emerald-ToucanetAulacorhynchus albivittaUC
108Gray-breasted Mountain-ToucanAndigena hypoglaucaUC
109Black-billed Mountain-ToucanAndigena nigrirostrisR

 
Woodpeckers: Picidae

110Lafresnaye's PiculetPicumnus lafresnayiUC
111Smoky-brown WoodpeckerLeuconotopicus fumigatusFC
112Yellow-vented WoodpeckerVeniliornis dignusFC
113Bar-bellied WoodpeckerVeniliornis nigricepsUC
114Powerful WoodpeckerCampephilus pollensUC
115Crimson-bellied WoodpeckerCampephilus haematogasterR
116Crimson-crested WoodpeckerCampephilus melanoleucos?
117Lineated WoodpeckerDryocopus lineatus?
118Golden-olive WoodpeckerColaptes rubiginosusUC
119Crimson-mantled WoodpeckerColaptes rivoliiFC

 
Falcons and Caracaras: Falconidae

120American KestrelFalco sparveriusR
121/Merlin/Falco columbarius?
122Bat FalconFalco rufigularis?
123/Peregrine Falcon/Falco peregrinus?

 
Parrots: Psittacidae

124&Barred ParakeetlBolborhynchus lineolaUC
125Red-billed ParrotPionus sordidusFC
126Speckle-faced ParrotPionus tumultuosusFC
127Scaly-naped AmazonAmazona mercenariusFC
128White-necked ParakeetPyrrhura albipectusR
129&Golden-plumed ParakeetlLeptosittaca branickiiUC
130Cordilleran ParakeetPsittacara frontalusR
131White-eyed ParakeetPsittacara leucophthalmusUC

 
Typical Antbirds: Thamnophilidae

132Rufous-rumped AntwrenEuchrepomis callinotaR
133Uniform AntshrikeThamnophilus unicolorR
134Bicolored AntvireoDysithamnus occidentalisR
135Streak-headed AntbirdDrymophila striaticepsUC

 
Gnateaters: Conopophagidae

136Chestnut-crowned GnateaterConopophaga castaneicepsR

 
Antpittas: Grallariidae

137Undulated AntpittaGrallaria squamigeraR
138Chestnut-crowned AntpittaGrallaria ruficapillaR
139Jocotoco AntpittaGrallaria ridgelyiR
140Chestnut-naped AntpittaGrallaria nuchalisFC
141White-bellied AntpittaGrallaria hypoleucaUC
142Equatorial AntpittaGrallaria saturataUC
143Tawny AntpittaGrallaria quitensisUC
144Ochre-breasted AntpittaGrallaricula flavirostris?
145Peruvian AntpittaGrallaricula peruvianaR
146Slate-crowned AntpittaGrallaricula nanaFC

 
Tapaculos: Rhinocryptidae

147Ocellated TapaculoAcropternis orthonyxUC
148Ash-colored TapaculoMyornis senilisFC
149Loja TapaculoScytalopus androstictus?
150Paramo TapaculoScytalopus opacusC
151White-crowned TapaculoScytalopus atratus?
152Long-tailed TapaculoScytalopus micropterusUC
153Blackish TapaculoScytalopus latransUC
154Chusquea TapaculoScytalopus parkeriFC

 
Antthrushes: Formicariidae

155Rufous-breasted AntthrushFormicarius rufipectusUC
156Barred AntthrushChamaeza mollissimaR

 
Ovenbirds and Woodcreepers: Furnariidae

157Olivaceous WoodcreeperSittasomus griseicapillus?
158Tyrannine WoodcreeperDendrocincla tyranninaUC
159Strong-billed WoodcreeperXiphocolaptes promeropirhynchusR
160Olive-backed WoodcreeperXiphorhynchus triangularisUC
161Greater ScythebillDrymotoxeres pucheraniiR
162Montane WoodcreeperLepidocolaptes lacrymigerFC
163Streaked XenopsXenops rutilansUC
164Streaked TuftedcheekPseudocolaptes boissonneautiiFC
165Rusty-winged BarbtailPremnornis guttuliger?
166Sharp-tailed StreamcreeperLochmias nematuraR
167Chestnut-winged CinclodesCinclodes albidiventrisR
168Montane Foliage-gleanerAnabacerthia striaticollisFC
169Lineated Foliage-gleanerSyndactyla subalarisUC
170Buff-browed Foliage-gleanerSyndactyla rufosuperciliata?
171Flammulated TreehunterThripadectes flammulatusFC
172Striped TreehunterThripadectes holostictusUC
173Spotted BarbtailPremnoplex brunnescensUC
174Pearled TreerunnerMargarornis squamigerC
175White-browed SpinetailHellmayrea gularisFC
176Many-striped CanasteroAsthenes flammulataFC
177Mouse-colored ThistletailAsthenes griseomurinaC
178Equatorial GraytailXenerpestes singularis?
179Spectacled PrickletailSiptornis striaticollisR
180Ash-browed SpinetailCranioleuca curtataUC
181Azara's SpinetailSynallaxis azaraeFC
182Rufous SpinetailSynallaxis unirufaFC

 
Manakins: Pipridae

183Golden-winged ManakinMasius chrysopterus?

 
Cotingas: Cotingidae

184Green-and-black FruiteaterPipreola riefferiiFC
185Barred FruiteaterPipreola arcuataFC
186Red-crested CotingaAmpelion rubrocristatus?
187Chestnut-crested CotingaAmpelion rufaxillaR
188Andean Cock-of-the-rockRupicola peruvianusR
189Olivaceous PihaSnowornis cryptolophusR
190Dusky PihaLipaugus fuscocinereusUC

 
Tityras and Allies: Tityridae

191Foothill SchiffornisSchiffornis aenea?
192Green-backed BecardPachyramphus viridis?
193Barred BecardPachyramphus versicolorUC
194Black-and-white BecardPachyramphus salviniVR
195Crested BecardPachyramphus validusVR

 
Tyrant Flycatchers: Tyrannidae

196Streak-necked FlycatcherMionectes striaticollisFC
197Slaty-capped FlycatcherLeptopogon superciliaris?
198Rufous-breasted FlycatcherLeptopogon rufipectusUC
199Marble-faced Bristle-TyrantPogonotriccus ophthalmicusR
200Variegated Bristle-TyrantPogonotriccus poecilotis?
201Bronze-olive Pygmy-TyrantPseudotriccus pelzelniUC
202Rufous-headed Pygmy-TyrantPseudotriccus ruficepsUC
203Black-throated Tody-TyrantHemitriccus granadensisFC
204Rufous-crowned Tody-FlycatcherPoecilotriccus ruficepsUC
205Common Tody-FlycatcherTodirostrum cinereumUC
206Fulvous-breasted FlatbillRhynchocyclus fulvipectusR
207Cinnamon FlycatcherPyrrhomyias cinnamomeusFC
208Orange-banded FlycatcherNephelomyias lintoniFC
209Southern Beardless-TyrannuletCamptostoma obsoletum?
210White-tailed TyrannuletMecocerculus poecilocercusFC
211White-banded TyrannuletMecocerculus stictopterusUC
212White-throated TyrannuletMecocerculus leucophrysUC
213Rufous-winged TyrannuletMecocerculus calopterusVR
214Sulphur-bellied TyrannuletMecocerculus minorUC
215Yellow-bellied ElaeniaElaenia flavogasterUC
216White-crested ElaeniaElaenia albiceps 
217Mottle-backed ElaeniaElaenia gigas?
218Highland ElaeniaElaenia obscuraR
219Sierran ElaeniaElaenia pallatangaeUC
220Torrent TyrannuletSerpophaga cinereaUC
221Black-capped TyrannuletTyranniscus nigrocapillusUC
222Ashy-headed TyrannuletTyranniscus cinereicepsR
223Tawny-rumped TyrannuletTyranniscus uropygialis 
224Golden-faced TyrannuletZimmerius chrysops 
225Peruvian TyrannuletZimmerius viridiflavusUC
226Flavescent FlycatcherMyiophobus flavicansUC
227Orange-crested FlycatcherMyiophobus phoenicomitra?
228Olive-chested FlycatcherMyiophobus cryptoxanthusUC
229/Olive-sided Flycatcher/Contopus cooperi?
230Smoke-colored PeweeContopus fumigatusFC
231Black PhoebeSayornis nigricansUC
232Rufous-tailed TyrantKnipolegus poecilurusUC
233Streak-throated Bush-TyrantMyiotheretes striaticollisR
234Smoky Bush-TyrantMyiotheretes fumigatusUC
235Crowned Chat-TyrantSilvicultrix frontalisFC
236Jelski's Chat-TyrantSilvicultrix jelskii?
237Yellow-bellied Chat-TyrantSilvicultrix diademaFC
238Chestnut-bellied Chat-TyrantOchthoeca cinnamomeiventrisFC
239Rufous-breasted Chat-TyrantOchthoeca rufipectoralisFC
240Brown-backed Chat-TyrantOchthoeca fumicolorFC
241Long-tailed TyrantColonia colonus?
242Dusky-capped FlycatcherMyiarchus tuberculiferFC
243Pale-edged FlycatcherMyiarchus cephalotesUC
244Social FlycatcherMyiozetetes similisUC
245Lemon-browed FlycatcherConopias cinchonetiR
246Golden-bellied FlycatcherMyiodynastes hemichrysusR
247Piratic FlycatcherLegatus leucophaius?
248Tropical KingbirdTyrannus melancholicusUC

 
Vireos, Shrike-Babblers, and Erpornis: Vireonidae

249Rufous-browed PeppershrikeCyclarhis gujanensisFC
250Black-billed PeppershrikeCyclarhis nigrirostris?
251Brown-capped VireoVireo leucophrysFC
252Red-eyed VireoVireo olivaceus?
253Chivi VireoVireo chiri?

 
Crows, Jays, and Magpies: Corvidae

254Turquoise JayCyanolyca turcosaFC
255Green JayCyanocorax yncasC

 
Swallows: Hirundinidae

256Southern Rough-winged SwallowStelgidopteryx ruficollisR
257Blue-and-white SwallowPygochelidon cyanoleucaC
258Pale-footed SwallowOrochelidon flavipesUC
259Brown-bellied SwallowOrochelidon murinaFC

 
Wrens: Troglodytidae

260Gray-mantled WrenOdontorchilus branickiiR
261Southern House WrenTroglodytes musculusUC
262Mountain WrenTroglodytes solstitialisUC
263Grass WrenCistothorus platensisFC
264Plain-tailed WrenPheugopedius euophrysFC
265Speckle-breasted WrenPheugopedius sclateriUC
266Rufous WrenCinnycerthia unirufaFC
267Sharpe's WrenCinnycerthia olivascensUC
268Gray-breasted Wood-WrenHenicorhina leucophrysC
269Northern Chestnut-breasted WrenCyphorhinus thoracicusR

 
Dippers: Cinclidae

270White-capped DipperCinclus leucocephalusUC

 
Thrushes and Allies: Turdidae

271Andean SolitaireMyadestes ralloidesFC
272Slaty-backed Nightingale-ThrushCatharus fuscaterR
273Speckled Nightingale-ThrushCatharus maculatus?
274/Swainson's Thrush/Catharus ustulatusUC
275&Pale-eyed ThrushlTurdus leucopsR
276Chestnut-bellied ThrushTurdus fulviventrisUC
277Glossy-black ThrushTurdus serranusFC
278Great ThrushTurdus fuscaterFC
279Chiguanco ThrushTurdus chiguanco 
280Black-billed ThrushTurdus ignobilis?
281Marañon ThrushTurdus maranonicusUC

 
Finches, Euphonias, and Allies: Fringillidae

282Blue-naped ChlorophoniaChlorophonia cyanea?
283Chestnut-breasted ChlorophoniaChlorophonia pyrrhophrysR
284Orange-bellied EuphoniaEuphonia xanthogasterFC
285Bronze-green EuphoniaEuphonia mesochrysaR
286Lesser GoldfinchSpinus psaltria?
287Olivaceous SiskinSpinus olivaceusUC

 
New World Sparrows: Passerellidae

288Yellow-throated ChlorospingusChlorospingus flavigularis?
289Short-billed ChlorospingusChlorospingus parvirostrisUC
290Ashy-throated ChlorospingusChlorospingus canigularisUC
291Common ChlorospingusChlorospingus flavopectusUC
292Yellow-browed SparrowAmmodramus aurifronsUC
293Gray-browed BrushfinchArremon assimilis 
294Chestnut-capped BrushfinchArremon brunneinuchaR
295Olive FinchArremon castaneicepsR
296Rufous-collared SparrowZonotrichia capensisFC
297Pale-naped BrushfinchAtlapetes pallidinuchaFC
298White-winged BrushfinchAtlapetes leucopterus?
299Bay-crowned BrushfinchAtlapetes seebohmi?
300Yellow-breasted BrushfinchAtlapetes latinuchaFC

 
Troupials and Allies: Icteridae

301Yellow-billed CaciqueAmblycercus holosericeusUC
302Russet-backed OropendolaPsarocolius angustifrons?
303Crested OropendolaPsarocolius decumanus?
304Scarlet-rumped CaciqueCacicus uropygialisUC
305Mountain CaciqueCacicus chrysonotusUC
306Shiny CowbirdMolothrus bonariensisR

 
New World Warblers: Parulidae

307Tropical ParulaSetophaga pitiayumiFC
308/Blackburnian Warbler/Setophaga fuscaFC
309Three-striped WarblerBasileuterus tristriatusFC
310Citrine WarblerMyiothlypis luteoviridisFC
311Black-crested WarblerMyiothlypis nigrocristataC
312Russet-crowned WarblerMyiothlypis coronataUC
313/Canada Warbler/Cardellina canadensisUC
314Slate-throated RedstartMyioborus miniatusC
315Spectacled RedstartMyioborus melanocephalusC

 
Cardinals and Allies: Cardinalidae

316/Summer Tanager/Piranga rubraR
317Red-hooded TanagerPiranga rubricepsUC
318Golden GrosbeakPheucticus chrysogasterVR

 
Tanagers and Allies: Thraupidae

319Black-faced TanagerSchistochlamys melanopisUC
320White-capped TanagerSericossypha albocristataUC
321Rufous-crested TanagerCreurgops verticalisUC
322Black-capped HemispingusKleinothraupis atropileusFC
323Oleaginous HemispingusSphenopsis frontalisR
324Black-eared HemispingusSphenopsis melanotisR
325Superciliaried HemispingusThlypopsis superciliaris?
326Rufous-chested TanagerThlypopsis ornataUC
327White-shouldered TanagerLoriotus luctuosus?
328White-lined TanagerTachyphonus rufusUC
329Silver-beaked TanagerRamphocelus carboUC
330Hooded Mountain TanagerButhraupis montanaFC
331Blue-capped TanagerSporathraupis cyanocephalaUC
332Masked Mountain TanagerTephrophilus wetmoreiR
333Grass-green TanagerChlorornis riefferiiFC
334Black-chested Mountain TanagerCnemathraupis eximiaR
335Lacrimose Mountain TanagerAnisognathus lacrymosusFC
336Scarlet-bellied Mountain TanagerAnisognathus igniventrisFC
337Blue-winged Mountain TanagerAnisognathus somptuosusFC
338Buff-banded Mountain TanagerDubusia taeniataFC
339Yellow-throated TanagerIridosornis analisUC
340Golden-crowned TanagerIridosornis rufivertexUC
341Fawn-breasted TanagerPipraeidea melanonotaUC
342Blue-gray TanagerThraupis episcopusFC
343Golden-naped TanagerChalcothraupis ruficervixUC
344Silvery TanagerStilpnia viridicollisUC
345Blue-necked TanagerStilpnia cyanicollisUC
346Blue-and-black TanagerTangara vassoriiFC
347Beryl-spangled TanagerTangara nigroviridisFC
348Metallic-green TanagerTangara labradoridesFC
349Blue-browed TanagerTangara cyanotisVR
350Paradise TanagerTangara chilensis?
351Bay-headed TanagerTangara gyrola?
352Golden-eared TanagerTangara chrysotis?
353Saffron-crowned TanagerTangara xanthocephalaFC
354Flame-faced TanagerTangara parzudakiiFC
355Golden TanagerTangara arthus?
356Golden-collared HoneycreeperIridophanes pulcherrimusR
357Blue-backed ConebillConirostrum sitticolorFC
358Capped ConebillConirostrum albifronsUC
359Glossy FlowerpiercerDiglossa lafresnayiiC
360Black FlowerpiercerDiglossa humeralis 
361White-sided FlowerpiercerDiglossa albilateraC
362Bluish FlowerpiercerDiglossa caerulescensUC
363Masked FlowerpiercerDiglossa cyaneaC
364PlushcapCatamblyrhynchus diademaUC
365&Slaty FinchlHaplospiza rusticaR
366Black-headed HemispingusPseudospingus verticalisUC
367Pink-billed CnemoscopusCnemoscopus rubrirostrisFC
368Black-and-white SeedeaterSporophila luctuosa?
369Yellow-bellied SeedeaterSporophila nigricollisUC
370Band-tailed SeedeaterCatamenia analis?
371Plain-colored SeedeaterCatamenia inornataR
372Paramo SeedeaterCatamenia homochroaUC
373BananaquitCoereba flaveolaUC
374Dull-colored GrassquitAsemospiza obscurusUC
375Buff-throated SaltatorSaltator maximusUC
376Streaked SaltatorSaltator striatipectusUC
377Masked SaltatorSaltator cinctusR
378Slate-colored GrosbeakSaltator grossus?

 

 *Nomenclature and taxonomic affinities are based on Clements 6th Edition published 2007 with updates through 2021 maintained by the Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology, which relies largely on the AOU and SACC nomenclature committees. IUCN status may reflect splits not currently recognized by Clements.
**Species not accepted by Clements, AOU, or SACC that we recognize based on the IOC, field observations along with geographical separation, consensus opinions of field guide authors, and other sources. These species are potential splits in future Clements updates.

OTHER LOCALES

PRESENCE CODES

CodeDescription##
//Boreal Visitor11
\\Austral Visitor0
||Transient1
##Non-breeding Dispersal0
<>Erratic/Irregular6
()Breeding Season Only0
{}Casual/Vagrant0
[]Accidental1

OCCURRENCE CODES

CodeDescription##
AAbundant/Very Common0
CCommon17
FCFairly/Locally Common79
UCUncommon/Scarce121
RRare/Very Scarce78
VRVery Rare11
XAccidental/Vagrant0
?Uncertain71

STATUS CODES

CodeDescription##
NTNear Threatened13
VVulnerable5
ENEndangered2
CRCritically Endangered0

Species counts in code tables depend on completeness of the data. For some countries or locales, data may not include all species or information on species presence may be incomplete.