VOLTA VELHA RESERVE
BRAZIL
LOCALE
| Area (ha): | 1,100 |
| # Species: | 269 |
| # Excl Vagrants: | 269 |
| # Endemics: | 33 |
| # Near Endemics: | 0 |
| Species/100 ha: | 24.5 |
| Habitat: SE Atlantic forest, wetlands | |
BIRD CHECKLIST
The table below lists species recorded at this locale but does not indicate frequency of occurrence there. It does indicate whether each species is globally threatened or endangered according to the IUCN and also whether it is migratory, very rare, or accidental in the country. The list is based on available data and may be incomplete.*
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| 1 | Solitary Tinamou | Tinamus solitarius | |
| 2 | Brown Tinamou | Crypturellus obsoletus | |
| 3 | Yellow-legged Tinamou | Crypturellus noctivagus | |
| 4 | Tataupa Tinamou | Crypturellus tataupa | |
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| 5 | White-faced Whistling-Duck | Dendrocygna viduata | |
| 6 | Fulvous Whistling-Duck | Dendrocygna bicolor | |
| 7 | Muscovy Duck | Cairina moschata | |
| 8 | Brazilian Teal | Amazonetta brasiliensis | |
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| 9 | Speckled Chachalaca | Ortalis guttata | |
| 10 | Scaled Chachalaca | Ortalis squamata | |
| 11 | Rusty-margined Guan | Penelope superciliaris | |
| 12 | Dusky-legged Guan | Penelope obscura | |
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| 13 | Spot-winged Wood-Quail | Odontophorus capueira | |
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| 14 | Pale-vented Pigeon | Patagioenas cayennensis | |
| 15 | Picazuro Pigeon | Patagioenas picazuro | |
| 16 | Ruddy Ground Dove | Columbina talpacoti | |
| 17 | Ruddy Quail-Dove | Geotrygon montana | |
| 18 | White-tipped Dove | Leptotila verreauxi | |
| 19 | Gray-fronted Dove | Leptotila rufaxilla | |
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| 20 | Guira Cuckoo | Guira guira | |
| 21 | Smooth-billed Ani | Crotophaga ani | |
| 22 | Striped Cuckoo | Tapera naevia | |
| 23 | Squirrel Cuckoo | Piaya cayana | |
| 24 | Dark-billed Cuckoo | Coccyzus melacoryphus | |
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| 25 | Short-tailed Nighthawk | Lurocalis semitorquatus | |
| 26 | Common Pauraque | Nyctidromus albicollis | |
| 27 | Scissor-tailed Nightjar | Hydropsalis torquata | |
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| 28 | Great Dusky Swift | Cypseloides senex | |
| 29 | White-collared Swift | Streptoprocne zonaris | |
| 30 | Sick's Swift | Chaetura meridionalis | |
| 31 | Gray-rumped Swift | Chaetura cinereiventris | |
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| 32 | Black Jacobin | Florisuga fusca | |
| 33 | Saw-billed Hermit | Ramphodon naevius | |
| 34 | Dusky-throated Hermit | Phaethornis squalidus | |
| 35 | Scale-throated Hermit | Phaethornis eurynome | |
| 36 | Black-throated Mango | Anthracothorax nigricollis | |
| 37 | Glittering-bellied Emerald | Chlorostilbon lucidus | |
| 38 | Violet-capped Woodnymph | Thalurania glaucopis | |
| 39 | Swallow-tailed Hummingbird | Eupetomena macroura | |
| 40 | Sombre Hummingbird | Eupetomena cirrochloris | |
| 41 | Versicolored Emerald | Chrysuronia versicolor | |
| 42 | White-throated Hummingbird | Leucochloris albicollis | |
| 43 | Glittering-throated Emerald | Chionomesa fimbriata | |
| 44 | Sapphire-spangled Emerald | Chionomesa lactea | |
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| 45 | Ash-throated Crake | Mustelirallus albicollis | |
| 46 | Blackish Rail | Pardirallus nigricans | |
| 47 | Gray-cowled Wood-Rail | Aramides cajaneus | |
| 48 | Slaty-breasted Wood-Rail | Aramides saracura | |
| 49 | Rufous-sided Crake | Laterallus melanophaius | |
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| 50 | Limpkin | Aramus guarauna | |
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| 51 | Southern Lapwing | Vanellus chilensis | |
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| 52 | Wattled Jacana | Jacana jacana | |
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| 53 | Paraguayan Snipe | Gallinago paraguaiae | |
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| 54 | Kelp Gull | Larus dominicanus | |
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| 55 | Magnificent Frigatebird | Fregata magnificens | |
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| 56 | Brown Booby | Sula leucogaster | |
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| 57 | Neotropic Cormorant | Nannopterum brasilianus | |
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| 58 | Fasciated Tiger-Heron | Tigrisoma fasciatum | |
| 59 | Cocoi Heron | Ardea cocoi | |
| 60 | Great Egret | Ardea alba | |
| 61 | Snowy Egret | Egretta thula | |
| 62 | Cattle Egret | Bubulcus ibis | |
| 63 | Striated Heron | Butorides striata | |
| 64 | Whistling Heron | Syrigma sibilatrix | |
| 65 | Black-crowned Night-Heron | Nycticorax nycticorax | |
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| 66 | Roseate Spoonbill | Platalea ajaja | |
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| 67 | Black Vulture | Coragyps atratus | |
| 68 | Turkey Vulture | Cathartes aura | |
| 69 | King Vulture | Sarcoramphus papa | |
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| 70 | Swallow-tailed Kite | Elanoides forficatus | |
| 71 | Black Hawk-Eagle | Spizaetus tyrannus | |
| 72 | Rufous-thighed Kite | Harpagus diodon | |
| 73 | Tiny Hawk | Accipiter superciliosus | |
| 74 | Sharp-shinned Hawk | Accipiter striatus | |
| 75 | Bicolored Hawk | Accipiter bicolor | |
| 76 | White-necked Hawk | Buteogallus lacernulatus | |
| 77 | Roadside Hawk | Rupornis magnirostris | |
| 78 | Short-tailed Hawk | Buteo brachyurus | |
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| 79 | Barn Owl | Tyto alba | |
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| 80 | Tropical Screech-Owl | Megascops choliba | |
| 81 | Burrowing Owl | Athene cunicularia | |
| 82 | Mottled Owl | Ciccaba virgata | |
| 83 | Stygian Owl | Asio stygius | |
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| 84 | Green-backed Trogon | Trogon viridis | |
| 85 | Surucua Trogon | Trogon surrucura | |
| 86 | Black-throated Trogon | Trogon rufus | |
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| 87 | Ringed Kingfisher | Megaceryle torquata | |
| 88 | Amazon Kingfisher | Chloroceryle amazona | |
| 89 | American Pygmy Kingfisher | Chloroceryle aenea | |
| 90 | Green Kingfisher | Chloroceryle americana | |
| 91 | Green-and-rufous Kingfisher | Chloroceryle inda | |
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| 92 | Crescent-chested Puffbird | Malacoptila striata | |
| 93 | Rusty-breasted Nunlet | Nonnula rubecula | |
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| 94 | Spot-billed Toucanet | Selenidera maculirostris | |
| 95 | Channel-billed Toucan | Ramphastos vitellinus | |
| 96 | Red-breasted Toucan | Ramphastos dicolorus | |
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| 97 | White-barred Piculet | Picumnus cirratus | |
| 98 | White Woodpecker | Melanerpes candidus | |
| 99 | Yellow-fronted Woodpecker | Melanerpes flavifrons | |
| 100 | White-spotted Woodpecker | Dryobates spilogaster | |
| 101 | Robust Woodpecker | Campephilus robustus | |
| 102 | Lineated Woodpecker | Dryocopus lineatus | |
| 103 | Helmeted Woodpecker | Celeus galeatus | |
| 104 | Blond-crested Woodpecker | Celeus flavescens | |
| 105 | Yellow-throated Woodpecker | Piculus flavigula | |
| 106 | Campo Flicker | Colaptes campestris | |
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| 107 | Barred Forest-Falcon | Micrastur ruficollis | |
| 108 | Collared Forest-Falcon | Micrastur semitorquatus | |
| 109 | Crested Caracara | Caracara cheriway | |
| 110 | Yellow-headed Caracara | Milvago chimachima | |
| 111 | Chimango Caracara | Milvago chimango | |
| 112 | Laughing Falcon | Herpetotheres cachinnans | |
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| 113 | Brown-backed Parrotlet | Touit melanonotus | |
| 114 | Plain Parakeet | Brotogeris tirica | |
| 115 | Pileated Parrot | Pionopsitta pileata | |
| 116 | Blue-bellied Parrot | Triclaria malachitacea | |
| 117 | Scaly-headed Parrot | Pionus maximiliani | |
| 118 | Red-tailed Parrot | Amazona brasiliensis | |
| 119 | Cobalt-rumped Parrotlet | Forpus xanthopterygius | |
| 120 | Blue-winged Macaw | Primolius maracana | |
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| 121 | Spot-backed Antshrike | Hypoedaleus guttatus | |
| 122 | Giant Antshrike | Batara cinerea | |
| 123 | Variable Antshrike | Thamnophilus caerulescens | |
| 124 | Plain Antvireo | Dysithamnus mentalis | |
| 125 | Unicolored Antwren | Myrmotherula unicolor | |
| 126 | Rufous-margined Antwren | Herpsilochmus rufimarginatus | |
| 127 | Marsh Antwren | Formicivora acutirostris | |
| 128 | Ferruginous Antbird | Drymophila ferruginea | |
| 129 | Scaled Antbird | Drymophila squamata | |
| 130 | White-shouldered Fire-eye | Pyriglena leucoptera | |
| 131 | White-bibbed Antbird | Myrmodenus loricata | |
| 132 | Squamate Antbird | Myrmodenus squamosa | |
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| 133 | Black-cheeked Gnateater | Conopophaga melanops | |
| 134 | Rufous Gnateater | Conopophaga lineata | |
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| 135 | White-breasted Tapaculo | Eleoscytalopus indigoticus | |
| 136 | Mouse-colored Tapaculo | Scytalopus speluncae | |
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| 137 | Rufous-capped Antthrush | Formicarius colma | |
| 138 | Short-tailed Antthrush | Chamaeza campanisona | |
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| 139 | Olivaceous Woodcreeper | Sittasomus griseicapillus | |
| 140 | Plain-winged Woodcreeper | Dendrocincla turdina | |
| 141 | Planalto Woodcreeper | Dendrocolaptes platyrostris | |
| 142 | White-throated Woodcreeper | Xiphocolaptes albicollis | |
| 143 | Lesser Woodcreeper | Xiphorhynchus fuscus | |
| 144 | Plain Xenops | Xenops minutus | |
| 145 | Streaked Xenops | Xenops rutilans | |
| 146 | Rufous Hornero | Furnarius rufus | |
| 147 | Pale-browed Treehunter | Cichlocolaptes leucophrus | |
| 148 | Black-capped Foliage-gleaner | Philydor atricapillus | |
| 149 | Ochre-breasted Foliage-gleaner | Anabacerthia lichtensteini | |
| 150 | White-eyed Foliage-gleaner | Automolus leucophthalmus | |
| 151 | Yellow-chinned Spinetail | Certhiaxis cinnamomeus | |
| 152 | Rufous-capped Spinetail | Synallaxis ruficapilla | |
| 153 | Chicli Spinetail (Spix's Spinetail) | Synallaxis spixi | |
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| 154 | Swallow-tailed Manakin | Chiroxiphia caudata | |
| 155 | White-bearded Manakin | Manacus manacus | |
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| 156 | Red-ruffed Fruitcrow | Pyroderus scutatus | |
| 157 | Bare-throated Bellbird | Procnias nudicollis | |
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| 158 | Black-tailed Tityra | Tityra cayana | |
| 159 | Black-crowned Tityra | Tityra inquisitor | |
| 160 | Greenish Schiffornis | Schiffornis virescens | |
| 161 | White-winged Becard | Pachyramphus polychopterus | |
| 162 | Crested Becard | Pachyramphus validus | |
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| 163 | Sharpbill | Oxyruncus cristatus | |
| 164 | Atlantic Royal-Flycatcher** | Onychorhynchus swainsoni | |
| 165 | Black-tailed Flycatcher | Myiobius atricaudus | |
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| 166 | Wing-barred Piprites | Piprites chloris | |
| 167 | White-throated Spadebill | Platyrinchus mystaceus | |
| 168 | Russet-winged Spadebill | Platyrinchus leucoryphus | |
| 169 | Gray-hooded Flycatcher | Mionectes rufiventris | |
| 170 | Sepia-capped Flycatcher | Leptopogon amaurocephalus | |
| 171 | Mottle-cheeked Tyrannulet | Phylloscartes ventralis | |
| 172 | Restinga Tyrannulet | Phylloscartes kronei | |
| 173 | Eared Pygmy-Tyrant | Myiornis auricularis | |
| 174 | Eye-ringed Tody-Tyrant | Hemitriccus orbitatus | |
| 175 | Kaempfer's Tody-Tyrant | Hemitriccus kaempferi | |
| 176 | Ochre-faced Tody-Flycatcher | Poecilotriccus plumbeiceps | |
| 177 | Gray-headed Tody-Flycatcher | Todirostrum poliocephalum | |
| 178 | Yellow-olive Flycatcher | Tolmomyias sulphurescens | |
| 179 | Cliff Flycatcher | Hirundinea ferruginea | |
| 180 | Southern Beardless-Tyrannulet | Camptostoma obsoletum | |
| 181 | Gray Elaenia | Myiopagis caniceps | |
| 182 | Yellow-bellied Elaenia | Elaenia flavogaster | |
| 183 | Olivaceous Elaenia | Elaenia mesoleuca | |
| 184 | Small-headed Elaenia | Elaenia sordida | |
| 185 | White-crested Tyrannulet | Serpophaga subcristata | |
| 186 | Planalto Tyrannulet | Phyllomyias fasciatus | |
| 187 | Gray-capped Tyrannulet | Phyllomyias griseocapilla | |
| 188 | Bran-colored Flycatcher | Myiophobus fasciatus | |
| 189 | Euler's Flycatcher | Lathrotriccus euleri | |
| 190 | Tropical Pewee | Contopus cinereus | |
| 191 | Fuscous Flycatcher | Cnemotriccus fuscatus | |
| 192 | Vermilion Flycatcher | Pyrocephalus rubinus | |
| 193 | Yellow-browed Tyrant | Satrapa icterophrys | |
| 194 | Shear-tailed Gray Tyrant | Muscipipra vetula | |
| 195 | Long-tailed Tyrant | Colonia colonus | |
| 196 | Rufous-tailed Attila | Attila phoenicurus | |
| 197 | Gray-hooded Attila | Attila rufus | |
| 198 | Sibilant Sirystes | Sirystes sibilator | |
| 199 | Swainson's Flycatcher | Myiarchus swainsoni | |
| 200 | Short-crested Flycatcher | Myiarchus ferox | |
| 201 | Cattle Tyrant | Machetornis rixosa | |
| 202 | Great Kiskadee | Pitangus sulphuratus | |
| 203 | Boat-billed Flycatcher | Megarynchus pitangua | |
| 204 | Social Flycatcher | Myiozetetes similis | |
| 205 | Three-striped Flycatcher | Conopias trivirgatus | |
| 206 | Streaked Flycatcher | Myiodynastes maculatus | |
| 207 | Piratic Flycatcher | Legatus leucophaius | |
| 208 | Variegated Flycatcher | Empidonomus varius | |
| 209 | Tropical Kingbird | Tyrannus melancholicus | |
| 210 | Fork-tailed Flycatcher | Tyrannus savana | |
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| 211 | Rufous-browed Peppershrike | Cyclarhis gujanensis | |
| 212 | Rufous-crowned Greenlet | Hylophilus poicilotis | |
| 213 | Chivi Vireo | Vireo chiri | |
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| 214 | Azure Jay | Cyanocorax caeruleus | |
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| 215 | Blue-and-white Swallow | Pygochelidon cyanoleuca | |
| 216 | Southern Rough-winged Swallow | Stelgidopteryx ruficollis | |
| 217 | Gray-breasted Martin | Progne chalybea | |
| 218 | Brown-chested Martin | Progne tapera | |
| 219 | White-rumped Swallow | Tachycineta leucorrhoa | |
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| 220 | Long-billed Gnatwren | Ramphocaenus melanurus | |
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| 221 | House Wren | Troglodytes aedon | |
| 222 | Long-billed Wren | Cantorchilus longirostris | |
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| 223 | Yellow-legged Thrush | Turdus flavipes | |
| 224 | White-necked Thrush | Turdus albicollis | |
| 225 | Rufous-bellied Thrush | Turdus rufiventris | |
| 226 | Creamy-bellied Thrush | Turdus amaurochalinus | |
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| 227 | Common Waxbill | Estrilda astrild | |
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| 228 | House Sparrow | Passer domesticus | |
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| 229 | Green-throated Euphonia | Euphonia chalybea | |
| 230 | Violaceous Euphonia | Euphonia violacea | |
| 231 | Chestnut-bellied Euphonia | Euphonia pectoralis | |
| 232 | Hooded Siskin | Spinus magellanicus | |
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| 233 | Rufous-collared Sparrow | Zonotrichia capensis | |
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| 234 | White-browed Meadowlark | Leistes superciliaris | |
| 235 | Red-rumped Cacique | Cacicus haemorrhous | |
| 236 | Shiny Cowbird | Molothrus bonariensis | |
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| 237 | Masked Yellowthroat | Geothlypis aequinoctialis | |
| 238 | Tropical Parula | Setophaga pitiayumi | |
| 239 | Golden-crowned Warbler | Basileuterus culicivorus | |
| 240 | White-bellied Warbler** | Basileuterus hypoleucus | |
| 241 | Riverbank Warbler | Myiothlypis rivularis | |
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| 242 | Olive-green Tanager | Orthogonys chloricterus | |
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| 243 | Red-crowned Ant-Tanager | Habia rubica | |
| 244 | Glaucous-blue Grosbeak | Cyanoloxia glaucocaerulea | |
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| 245 | Black-goggled Tanager | Trichothraupis melanops | |
| 246 | Flame-crested Tanager | Loriotus cristatus | |
| 247 | Ruby-crowned Tanager | Tachyphonus coronatus | |
| 248 | Brazilian Tanager | Ramphocelus bresilius | |
| 249 | Fawn-breasted Tanager | Pipraeidea melanonota | |
| 250 | Sayaca Tanager | Thraupis sayaca | |
| 251 | Azure-shouldered Tanager | Thraupis cyanoptera | |
| 252 | Palm Tanager | Thraupis palmarum | |
| 253 | Black-backed Tanager | Stilpnia peruviana | |
| 254 | Chestnut-backed Tanager | Stilpnia preciosa | |
| 255 | Green-headed Tanager | Tangara seledon | |
| 256 | Red-necked Tanager | Tangara cyanocephala | |
| 257 | Swallow Tanager | Tersina viridis | |
| 258 | Blue Dacnis | Dacnis cayana | |
| 259 | Green Honeycreeper | Chlorophanes spiza | |
| 260 | Guira Tanager | Hemithraupis guira | |
| 261 | Rufous-headed Tanager | Hemithraupis ruficapilla | |
| 262 | Chestnut-vented Conebill | Conirostrum speciosum | |
| 263 | Uniform Finch | Haplospiza unicolor | |
| 264 | Saffron Finch | Sicalis flaveola | |
| 265 | Blue-black Grassquit | Volatinia jacarina | |
| 266 | Chestnut-bellied Seed-Finch | Sporophila angolensis | |
| 267 | Double-collared Seedeater | Sporophila caerulescens | |
| 268 | Bananaquit | Coereba flaveola | |
| 269 | Green-winged Saltator | Saltator similis | |
* Nomenclature and taxonomic affinities are based on Clements 6th Edition published 2007 with updates through 2021 maintained by the Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology, which relies largely on the AOU and SACC nomenclature committees. IUCN status may reflect splits not currently recognized by Clements.
** Species not accepted by Clements, AOU, or SACC that we recognize based on the IOC, field observations along with geographical separation, consensus opinions of field guide authors, and other sources. These species are potential splits in future Clements updates.
OTHER LOCALES
PRESENCE CODES
| // | Boreal Visitor |
| \\ | Austral Visitor |
| || | Transient |
| ## | Non-breeding Dispersal |
| <> | Erratic/Irregular |
| () | Breeding Season Only |
| {} | Casual/Vagrant |
| [] | Accidental |