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NORTHERN ANDES BIRDING TOUR

Bird Checklist for Tour

ECUADOR
BIRDING TOUR
ANY TIME*

Duration:12 days, 11 nights
Group Size:2-8
Anytime Price:$4375
Group Price:$3875
Single Suppl:$200
Est #Species:350-400
Pace:Easy/Moderate
Difficulty:Easy/Moderate
* This tour is available for any dates of your choosing provided guide services and accommodations are available.

List of species found in some or all areas included on the tour. List may be incomplete. The table indicates whether each species is globally threatened or endangered according to the IUCN and also whether it is migratory, very rare, or accidental in the country. See sidebar for meaning of location codes and symbols associated with common names.*

color codes

 
Tinamous: Tinamidae

1Tawny-breasted TinamouNothocercus juliusBCFR,SI,TBL?
2Highland TinamouNothocercus bonaparteiSIR
3Great TinamouTinamus majorRS,SI?
4Berlepsch's TinamouCrypturellus berlepschiMBS,RS?
5Little TinamouCrypturellus souiMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
6Curve-billed TinamouNothoprocta curvirostrisPPFC

 
Ducks: Anatidae

7Muscovy DuckCairina moschataSI?
8Torrent DuckMerganetta armataPP,RAP,SI,TBL?
9Blue-winged TealSpatula discorsPP,SI?
10Northern ShovelerSpatula clypeataPP?
11Yellow-billed PintailAnas georgicaPP,RAP,TBL?
12Andean TealAnas andiumPPFC
13Andean DuckOxyura ferrugineaPPFC

 
Guans, Chachalacas, and Curassows: Cracidae

14Rufous-headed ChachalacaOrtalis erythropteraRSR
15Speckled ChachalacaOrtalis guttataSI?
16Baudo GuanPenelope ortoniMBS?
17Andean GuanPenelope montagniiBCFR,PP,RAP,SI,TBL?
18Crested GuanPenelope purpurascensMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
19Wattled GuanAburria aburriMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBLFC
20Sickle-winged GuanChamaepetes goudotiiBCFR,MBS,RAP,SI
TBL
C

 
New World Quail: Odontophoridae

21Rufous-fronted Wood-QuailOdontophorus erythropsMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
22Dark-backed Wood-QuailOdontophorus melanonotusBCFR,RAP,TBLC
23Rufous-breasted Wood-QuailOdontophorus speciosusSIVR

 
Grebes: Podicipedidae

24Pied-billed GrebePodilymbus podicepsRAP,TBL?
25Silvery GrebePodiceps occipitalisPPUC

 
Pigeons and Doves: Columbidae

26Rock PigeonColumba liviaMany?
27Pale-vented PigeonPatagioenas cayennensisMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBL?
28Scaled PigeonPatagioenas speciosaRS,SI?
29Band-tailed PigeonPatagioenas fasciataBCFR,MBS,RAP,SI
TBL
A
30Plumbeous PigeonPatagioenas plumbeaManyC
31Ruddy PigeonPatagioenas subvinaceaMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBL?
32Dusky PigeonPatagioenas goodsoniMBS,RSUC
33Common Ground DoveColumbina passerinaPP,RAP,TBL?
34Plain-breasted Ground DoveColumbina minutaRS?
35Ruddy Ground DoveColumbina talpacotiPP 
36Ecuadorian Ground DoveColumbina buckleyiRS?
37Blue Ground DoveClaravis pretiosaRS,SI?
38Maroon-chested Ground DoveParaclaravis mondetouraSI,TBL?
39Black-winged Ground DoveMetriopelia melanopteraPP?
40Purple Quail-DoveGeotrygon purpurataMBS,RS?
41Sapphire Quail-DoveGeotrygon saphirinaSI?
42Ruddy Quail-DoveGeotrygon montanaMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBL?
43White-tipped DoveLeptotila verreauxiMBS,RAP,TBLC
44Pallid DoveLeptotila pallidaMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
45White-throated Quail-DoveZentrygon frenataBCFR,RAP,SI,TBLFC
46Eared DoveZenaida auriculataMBS,PP,RAP,RS,TBL?

 
Cuckoos: Cuculidae

47Greater AniCrotophaga majorSIX
48Smooth-billed AniCrotophaga aniMany?
49Groove-billed AniCrotophaga sulcirostrisRSR
50Striped CuckooTapera naeviaMBS,RAPC
51Banded Ground-CuckooNeomorphus radiolosusMBS,RS?
52Little CuckooCoccycua minutaMBS,RS,TBLUC
53Squirrel CuckooPiaya cayanaManyC
54Dark-billed CuckooCoccyzus melacoryphusSI?
55Yellow-billed CuckooCoccyzus americanusSIVR
56Pearly-breasted CuckooCoccyzus euleriMBS?
57Black-billed CuckooCoccyzus erythropthalmusMBS,RSR

 
Nightjars and Allies: Caprimulgidae

58Short-tailed NighthawkLurocalis semitorquatusMBS,RAP,RSR
59Rufous-bellied NighthawkLurocalis rufiventrisBCFR,MBS,RAP,SI
TBL
C
60Blackish NightjarNyctipolus nigrescensSI?
61Band-winged NightjarSystellura longirostrisManyFC
62Common PauraqueNyctidromus albicollisMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBL?
63Swallow-tailed NightjarUropsalis segmentataBCFR,LR,RAP,SI,TBL?
64Lyre-tailed NightjarUropsalis lyraMBS,RAP,SI,TBLFC
65Choco PoorwillNyctiphrynus rosenbergiMBS,RS?

 
Potoos: Nyctibiidae

66Common PotooNyctibius griseusBCFR,RAP,RS,SIC
67Andean PotooNyctibius maculosusSIUC

 
Oilbird: Steatornithidae

68OilbirdSteatornis caripensisManyR

 
Swifts: Apodidae

69White-chested SwiftCypseloides lemosiRS,SIUC
70White-chinned SwiftCypseloides cryptusMBS,RAP,SI?
71Spot-fronted SwiftCypseloides cherrieiManyUC
72Chestnut-collared SwiftStreptoprocne rutilaManyFC
73White-collared SwiftStreptoprocne zonarisManyA
74Gray-rumped SwiftChaetura cinereiventrisMany?
75Band-rumped SwiftChaetura spinicaudusMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
76Chimney SwiftChaetura pelagicaMBS,RSR
77Short-tailed SwiftChaetura brachyuraSIR
78White-tipped SwiftAeronautes montivagusBCFR,MBS,RAP,TBLC
79Lesser Swallow-tailed SwiftPanyptila cayennensisMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBL?

 
Hummingbirds: Trochilidae

80White-necked JacobinFlorisuga mellivoraMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBLUC
81White-tipped SicklebillEutoxeres aquilaMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBL?
82Bronzy HermitGlaucis aeneusRSR
83Rufous-breasted HermitGlaucis hirsutusSI?
84Band-tailed BarbthroatThrenetes ruckeriMBS,RS,TBL?
85Pale-tailed BarbthroatThrenetes leucurusSI?
86White-whiskered HermitPhaethornis yaruquiMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
87Green HermitPhaethornis guySI?
88Tawny-bellied HermitPhaethornis syrmatophorusBCFR,MBS,RAP,SI
TBL
FC
89Long-billed HermitPhaethornis longirostrisRS?
90Great-billed HermitPhaethornis malarisSI?
91Stripe-throated HermitPhaethornis striigularisMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
92Gray-chinned HermitPhaethornis griseogularisSI?
93Green-fronted LancebillDoryfera ludovicaeMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBLUC
94Blue-fronted LancebillDoryfera johannaeSI?
95White-throated DaggerbillSchistes albogularisMBS,RAP,RS,TBLFC
96Geoffroy's DaggerbillSchistes geoffroyiSIUC
97Brown VioletearColibri delphinaeManyUC
98Lesser VioletearColibri cyanotusBCFR,MBS,RAP,TBLC
99Sparkling VioletearColibri coruscansManyC
100Tooth-billed HummingbirdAndrodon aequatorialisMBS,RS?
101Purple-crowned FairyHeliothryx barrotiMBS,RAP,RSUC
102Black-throated MangoAnthracothorax nigricollisMBS,RS,SI?
103Gorgeted SunangelHeliangelus strophianusBCFR,MBS,RAPC
104Tourmaline SunangelHeliangelus exortisPP,SIR
105Wire-crested ThorntailDiscosura popelairiiSI?
106Green ThorntailDiscosura conversiiMBS,RAP,RSUC
107Ecuadorian PiedtailPhlogophilus hemileucurusLR,SI?
108Speckled HummingbirdAdelomyia melanogenysBCFR,MBS,RAP,SIA
109Long-tailed SylphAglaiocercus kingiiPP,SIA
110Violet-tailed SylphAglaiocercus coelestisBCFR,MBS,RAP,TBLC
111Ecuadorian HillstarOreotrochilus chimborazoPPFC
112Mountain AvocetbillOpisthoprora eurypteraPP,SI?
113Black-tailed TrainbearerLesbia victoriaePP,RAP,TBL?
114Green-tailed TrainbearerLesbia nunaBCFR,PP,RAP,SI,TBLUC
115Purple-backed ThornbillRamphomicron microrhynchumPP?
116Blue-mantled ThornbillChalcostigma stanleyiPPFC
117Rainbow-bearded ThornbillChalcostigma herraniPP?
118Tyrian MetaltailMetallura tyrianthinaPP,RAP,SI,TBL?
119Viridian MetaltailMetallura williamiPPUC
120Greenish PufflegHaplophaedia aureliaeSIUC
121Hoary PufflegHaplophaedia lugensBCFR,RAP,TBLVR
122Glowing PufflegEriocnemis vestitaPP?
123Sapphire-vented PufflegEriocnemis lucianiPP?
124Golden-breasted PufflegEriocnemis mosqueraPP,SIVR
125Emerald-bellied PufflegEriocnemis alineSIR
126Shining SunbeamAglaeactis cupripennisPPFC
127Bronzy IncaCoeligena coeligenaPP,SIA
128Brown IncaCoeligena wilsoniBCFR,RAP,TBLFC
129Collared IncaCoeligena torquataBCFR,MBS,PP,RAP,SIA
130Buff-winged StarfrontletCoeligena lutetiaePPFC
131Mountain VelvetbreastLafresnaya lafresnayiBCFR,PP,SI,TBLUC
132Sword-billed HummingbirdEnsifera ensiferaPP,SI?
133Great SapphirewingPterophanes cyanopterusPP?
134Buff-tailed CoronetBoissonneaua flavescensBCFR,MBS,PP,RAP
TBL
A
135Chestnut-breasted CoronetBoissonneaua matthewsiiPP,SIA
136Velvet-purple CoronetBoissonneaua jardiniMBS,RAP,TBLUC
137White-booted Racket-tailOcreatus underwoodiiRAP,RS,TBLA
138Peruvian Racket-tailOcreatus peruanusSI?
139Rufous-gaped HillstarUrochroa bougueriMBS,RAP,TBL?
140Green-backed HillstarUrochroa leucuraSIUC
141Purple-bibbed WhitetipUrosticte benjaminiRAP,TBLC
142Rufous-vented WhitetipUrosticte ruficrissaSIR
143Black-throated BrilliantHeliodoxa schreibersiiSI?
144Fawn-breasted BrilliantHeliodoxa rubinoidesMBS,RAP,SI,TBLA
145Green-crowned BrilliantHeliodoxa jaculaMBS,RAP,RSC
146Empress BrilliantHeliodoxa imperatrixMBS,RAP,TBLFC
147Violet-fronted BrilliantHeliodoxa leadbeateriSIR
148Giant HummingbirdPatagona gigasPP,RAP,TBL?
149Long-billed StarthroatHeliomaster longirostrisMBS,RAP,RS?
150Purple-collared WoodstarMyrtis fannyRAP,TBL?
151White-bellied WoodstarChaetocercus mulsantMBS,PP,RAP,TBLC
152Little WoodstarChaetocercus bombusMBS,RAP,RS,TBLR
153Gorgeted WoodstarChaetocercus heliodorSIUC
154Esmeraldas WoodstarChaetocercus berlepschiRS?
155Purple-throated WoodstarPhilodice mitchelliiBCFR,RAP,TBLC
156Blue-tailed EmeraldChlorostilbon mellisugusSI?
157Western EmeraldChlorostilbon melanorhynchusMBS,RAP,TBLA
158Violet-headed HummingbirdKlais guimetiLR,SI?
159Gray-breasted SabrewingCampylopterus largipennisSI?
160Napo SabrewingCampylopterus villaviscensioSI?
161Lazuline SabrewingCampylopterus falcatusSIVR
162Bronze-tailed PlumeleteerChalybura urochrysiaRS?
163Crowned WoodnymphThalurania colombicaMBS,RAPC
164Fork-tailed WoodnymphThalurania furcataSI?
165Many-spotted HummingbirdTaphrospilus hypostictusSI?
166Rufous-tailed HummingbirdAmazilia tzacatlMBS,RAP,RS,TBLA
167Amazilia HummingbirdAmazilis amaziliaSI?
168Andean EmeraldUranomitra franciaeRAP,RS,TBLA
169Golden-tailed SapphireChrysuronia oenoneLR,SI?
170Glittering-throated EmeraldChionomesa fimbriataSI?
171Purple-chested HummingbirdPolyerata rosenbergiMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
172Blue-chested HummingbirdPolyerata amabilisRSR
173Violet-bellied HummingbirdChlorestes julieMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?

 
Rails, Gallinules, and Coots: Rallidae

174Virginia RailRallus limicolaPP?
175Blackish RailPardirallus nigricansLRUC
176Uniform CrakeAmaurolimnas concolorRSR
177Brown Wood-RailAramides wolfiRSR
178Gray-cowled Wood-RailAramides cajaneusSI?
179Slate-colored CootFulica ardesiacaPPFC
180Purple GallinulePorphyrio martinicaMBS?
181White-throated CrakeLaterallus albigularisRAP,RS,TBLFC
182Gray-breasted CrakeLaterallus exilisSI?

 
Plovers and Lapwings: Charadriidae

183Southern LapwingVanellus chilensisMBS,PP,RAP,RS,SIC
184Andean LapwingVanellus resplendensPP?

 
Seedsnipes: Thinocoridae

185Rufous-bellied SeedsnipeAttagis gayiPPFC

 
Jacanas: Jacanidae

186Wattled JacanaJacana jacanaRS?

 
Sandpipers and Allies: Scolopacidae

187Upland SandpiperBartramia longicaudaPP,SIR
188Baird's SandpiperCalidris bairdiiPP,RSR
189Least SandpiperCalidris minutillaPP?
190Noble SnipeGallinago nobilisPP,SI?
191Andean SnipeGallinago jamesoniPP?
192Red PhalaropePhalaropus fulicariusRAP?
193Spotted SandpiperActitis maculariusMBS,PP,RAP,RS,SIFC
194Solitary SandpiperTringa solitariaPP,RAP,SI?
195Greater YellowlegsTringa melanoleucaPP?
196Lesser YellowlegsTringa flavipesPP,SI?

 
Gulls, Terns, and Skimmers: Laridae

197Andean GullChroicocephalus serranusPP,RAPFC
198Laughing GullLeucophaeus atricillaMBS?

 
Sunbittern: Eurypygidae

199SunbitternEurypyga heliasMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?

 
Frigatebirds: Fregatidae

200Magnificent FrigatebirdFregata magnificensTBLX

 
Anhingas: Anhingidae

201AnhingaAnhinga anhingaSIX

 
Cormorants and Shags: Phalacrocoracidae

202Neotropic CormorantNannopterum brasilianusManyVR

 
Herons, Egrets, and Bitterns: Ardeidae

203Fasciated Tiger-HeronTigrisoma fasciatumMBS,RS,SI,TBLR
204Cocoi HeronArdea cocoiRS?
205Great EgretArdea albaMany?
206Snowy EgretEgretta thulaMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBL?
207Cattle EgretBubulcus ibisMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBL?
208Striated HeronButorides striataMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBL?
209Black-crowned Night-HeronNycticorax nycticoraxRS?

 
New World Vultures: Cathartidae

210Black VultureCoragyps atratusManyC
211Turkey VultureCathartes auraManyC
212Greater Yellow-headed VultureCathartes melambrotusSI?
213Andean CondorVultur gryphusPPR
214King VultureSarcoramphus papaRS?

 
Osprey: Pandionidae

215OspreyPandion haliaetusMBS,RS,SIUC

 
Hawks, Eagles, and Kites: Accipitridae

216Pearl KiteGampsonyx swainsoniiRS?
217White-tailed KiteElanus leucurusMBS,RS,SIVR
218Hook-billed KiteChondrohierax uncinatusManyR
219Gray-headed KiteLeptodon cayanensisMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBL?
220Swallow-tailed KiteElanoides forficatusMBS,RAP,RSC
221Crested EagleMorphnus guianensisBCFR,TBLVR
222Black Hawk-EagleSpizaetus tyrannusLR,MBS,RS,SI?
223Ornate Hawk-EagleSpizaetus ornatusMBS,RAP,RS?
224Black-and-white Hawk-EagleSpizaetus melanoleucusRAP,SI,TBL?
225Black-and-chestnut EagleSpizaetus isidoriPP,RAP,SI,TBLFC
226Tiny HawkMicrospizias superciliosusMBS,RS,SI?
227Semicollared HawkMicrospizias collarisBCFR,MBS,RS,SI,TBLUC
228Snail KiteRostrhamus sociabilisMBS,RS?
229Double-toothed KiteHarpagus bidentatusManyUC
230Plumbeous KiteIctinia plumbeaMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBL?
231Cinereous HarrierCircus cinereusPP?
232Gray-bellied HawkAccipiter poliogasterSI?
233Plain-breasted Hawk**Accipiter ventralisManyFC
234Bicolored HawkAccipiter bicolorMany?
235Crane HawkGeranospiza caerulescensRS,SIVR
236Plumbeous HawkCryptoleucopteryx plumbeaMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
237Great Black HawkButeogallus urubitingaMBS?
238Solitary EagleButeogallus solitariusSIR
239Barred HawkMorphnarchus princepsManyFC
240Roadside HawkRupornis magnirostrisManyC
241Harris's HawkParabuteo unicinctusPP,RAP?
242White-rumped HawkParabuteo leucorrhousBCFR,PP,RAP,SIFC
243Variable HawkGeranoaetus polyosomaPP,RAP,SIFC
244Black-chested Buzzard-EagleGeranoaetus melanoleucusPPUC
245Gray-backed HawkPseudastur occidentalisMBS,RSR
246Semiplumbeous HawkLeucopternis semiplumbeusMBS,RSR
247Gray-lined HawkButeo nitidusMBS,RAP,RS,TBLX
248Broad-winged HawkButeo platypterusManyFC
249Short-tailed HawkButeo brachyurusManyUC
250White-throated HawkButeo albigulaRAP,SI,TBLUC
251Swainson's HawkButeo swainsoniSIVR
252Zone-tailed HawkButeo albonotatusMBS,RS,SI,TBL?

 
Barn-Owls: Tytonidae

253Barn OwlTyto albaMBS,RAP,SIUC

 
Owls: Strigidae

254White-throated Screech-OwlMegascops albogularisSIUC
255Tropical Screech-OwlMegascops cholibaSI?
256Rufescent Screech-OwlMegascops ingensBCFR,MBS,RAP,SI
TBL
UC
257Cinnamon Screech-OwlMegascops petersoniSI?
258Choco Screech-Owl**Megascops centalisMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
259Foothill Screech-Owl**Megascops roraimaeSI?
260Crested OwlLophostrix cristataMBS,RS,SI?
261Spectacled OwlPulsatrix perspicillataMBS,RS,TBL?
262Band-bellied OwlPulsatrix melanotaSI?
263Great Horned OwlBubo virginianusPP?
264Cloud-forest Pygmy-OwlGlaucidium nubicolaBCFR,MBS,RAP,TBLUC
265Andean Pygmy-OwlGlaucidium jardiniiBCFR,RAP,SI,TBL?
266Peruvian Pygmy-OwlGlaucidium peruanumRS?
267"San Isidro" Owl**Ciccaba ??SIUC
268Mottled OwlStrix virgataManyUC
269Black-and-white OwlStrix nigrolineataMBS,RAP,TBL?
270Black-banded OwlStrix huhulaSI?
271Rufous-banded OwlStrix albitarsisSIFC
272Striped OwlAsio clamatorSI?
273Short-eared OwlAsio flammeusPP,SIVR

 
Trogons: Trogonidae

274Golden-headed QuetzalPharomachrus auricepsBCFR,RAP,SI,TBLC
275Crested QuetzalPharomachrus antisianusBCFR,MBS,RAP,SI
TBL
FC
276Blue-tailed TrogonTrogon comptusMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
277White-tailed TrogonTrogon chionurusMBS,RSUC
278Green-backed TrogonTrogon viridisLR,SI?
279Gartered TrogonTrogon caligatusMBS,RSR
280Blue-crowned TrogonTrogon curucuiSI?
281Black-throated TrogonTrogon rufusMBS,RS,TBL?
282Collared TrogonTrogon collarisMany?
283Masked TrogonTrogon personatusManyC

 
Motmots: Momotidae

284Andean MotmotMomotus aequatorialisSIFC
285Rufous MotmotBaryphthengus martiiMBS,RAP,RSUC
286Broad-billed MotmotElectron platyrhynchumMBS,RAP,RS,TBLUC

 
Kingfishers: Alcedinidae

287Ringed KingfisherMegaceryle torquataLR,MBS,RAPC
288Amazon KingfisherChloroceryle amazonaLR,SI?
289American Pygmy KingfisherChloroceryle aeneaRS?
290Green KingfisherChloroceryle americanaMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?

 
Puffbirds: Bucconidae

291White-necked PuffbirdNotharchus hyperrhynchusRSUC
292Barred PuffbirdNystalus radiatusMBS,RAP,RSUC
293Western Striolated-PuffbirdNystalus obamaiLR,SI?
294White-chested PuffbirdMalacoptila fuscaSI?
295White-whiskered PuffbirdMalacoptila panamensisMBS,RAP,RSUC
296Black-streaked PuffbirdMalacoptila fulvogularisLRR
297Lanceolated MonkletMicromonacha lanceolataMBS,RSR
298White-faced NunbirdHapaloptila castaneaRAP,SIFC

 
Jacamars: Galbulidae

299Rufous-tailed JacamarGalbula ruficaudaMBS,RAP,RSUC
300Coppery-chested JacamarGalbula pastazaeLR,SI?
301Great JacamarJacamerops aureusRSVR

 
New World Barbets: Capitonidae

302Orange-fronted BarbetCapito squamatusMBS,RAP,RSUC
303Gilded BarbetCapito auratusSI?
304Red-headed BarbetEubucco bourcieriiManyFC

 
Toucan-Barbets: Semnornithidae

305Toucan BarbetSemnornis ramphastinusBCFR,MBS,RAP,TBLFC

 
Toucans: Ramphastidae

306Southern Emerald-ToucanetAulacorhynchus albivittaPP,SIFC
307Chestnut-tipped ToucanetAulacorhynchus derbianusLR,SI?
308Crimson-rumped ToucanetAulacorhynchus haematopygusBCFR,MBS,RAP,RS
TBL
FC
309Gray-breasted Mountain-ToucanAndigena hypoglaucaPP,SI?
310Plate-billed Mountain-ToucanAndigena laminirostrisMBS,RAP,TBL 
311Black-billed Mountain-ToucanAndigena nigrirostrisSIUC
312Collared AracariPteroglossus torquatusMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
313Chestnut-eared AracariPteroglossus castanotisLR,SI?
314Many-banded AracariPteroglossus pluricinctusSI?
315Ivory-billed AracariPteroglossus azaraSI?
316Yellow-throated ToucanRamphastos ambiguusMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBL?
317Choco ToucanRamphastos brevisMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
318Channel-billed ToucanRamphastos vitellinusSI?

 
Woodpeckers: Picidae

319Lafresnaye's PiculetPicumnus lafresnayiLR,SI?
320Olivaceous PiculetPicumnus olivaceusMBS,RAP,RSUC
321Yellow-tufted WoodpeckerMelanerpes cruentatusSI?
322Black-cheeked WoodpeckerMelanerpes pucheraniMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
323Smoky-brown WoodpeckerDryobates fumigatusManyUC
324Red-rumped WoodpeckerDryobates kirkiiMBS,RSUC
325Little WoodpeckerDryobates passerinusSI?
326Scarlet-backed WoodpeckerDryobates callonotusMBS,RSUC
327Yellow-vented WoodpeckerDryobates dignusBCFR,RAP,SI,TBLUC
328Bar-bellied WoodpeckerDryobates nigricepsPP,SIR
329Choco WoodpeckerDryobates chocoensisRSR
330Powerful WoodpeckerCampephilus pollensBCFR,MBS,RAP,SI
TBL
UC
331Crimson-bellied WoodpeckerCampephilus haematogasterMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBL?
332Crimson-crested WoodpeckerCampephilus melanoleucosSI?
333Guayaquil WoodpeckerCampephilus gayaquilensisMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
334Lineated WoodpeckerDryocopus lineatusLR,MBS,RAP,RSFC
335Cinnamon WoodpeckerCeleus loricatusMBS,RSUC
336Lita WoodpeckerPiculus litaeRSR
337Golden-olive WoodpeckerColaptes rubiginosusMBS,PP,RAP,RS,TBLC
338Crimson-mantled WoodpeckerColaptes rivoliiManyFC
339Spot-breasted WoodpeckerColaptes punctigulaLR,SI?

 
Falcons and Caracaras: Falconidae

340Laughing FalconHerpetotheres cachinnansMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBL?
341Collared Forest-FalconMicrastur semitorquatusRAP,RS,SIFC
342Barred Forest-FalconMicrastur ruficollisMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBLFC
343Plumbeous Forest-FalconMicrastur plumbeusMBS,RSR
344Yellow-headed CaracaraDaptrius chimachimaSI?
345Black CaracaraDaptrius aterLRUC
346Carunculated CaracaraDaptrius carunculatusPP 
347American KestrelFalco sparveriusManyUC
348MerlinFalco columbariusPP,SIVR
349Aplomado FalconFalco femoralisPP?
350Bat FalconFalco rufigularisMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBLUC
351Orange-breasted FalconFalco deiroleucusLR,SIR
352Peregrine FalconFalco peregrinusMBS,PP,RS,SI,TBLR

 
Parrots: Psittacidae

353Blue-fronted ParrotletTouit dilectissimusBCFR,MBS,RAP,RSR
354Spot-winged ParrotletTouit stictopterusSI?
355Barred ParakeetBolborhynchus lineolaMBS,RAP,SIC
356Cobalt-winged ParakeetBrotogeris cyanopteraSI?
357Rose-faced ParrotPyrilia pulchraMBS,RAP,RSR
358Red-billed ParrotPionus sordidusMBS,RAP,TBLA
359Speckle-faced ParrotPionus tumultuosusMBS,PP,RAP,SI,TBLC
360Blue-headed ParrotPionus menstruusMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBL?
361Bronze-winged ParrotPionus chalcopterusMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
362Red-lored ParrotAmazona autumnalisRSR
363Mealy ParrotAmazona farinosaRS,SI?
364Orange-winged ParrotAmazona amazonicaSI?
365Scaly-naped ParrotAmazona mercenariusBCFR,RAP,SI,TBLFC
366Pacific ParrotletForpus coelestisMBS,RS,TBL?
367Maroon-tailed ParakeetPyrrhura melanuraMany?
368Military MacawAra militarisLR,SI?
369Chestnut-fronted MacawAra severusRS,SI?
370Red-masked ParakeetPsittacara erythrogenysMBS,RSR
371White-eyed ParakeetPsittacara leucophthalmusLR,SI?

 
Typical Antbirds: Thamnophilidae

372Rufous-rumped AntwrenEuchrepomis callinotaMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
373Fasciated AntshrikeCymbilaimus lineatusRSUC
374Great AntshrikeTaraba majorMBS,RS,TBL?
375Lined AntshrikeThamnophilus tenuepunctatusLR,SI?
376Black-crowned AntshrikeThamnophilus atrinuchaMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
377Uniform AntshrikeThamnophilus unicolorMBS,RAP,SI,TBLUC
378Russet AntshrikeThamnistes anabatinusMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBL?
379Plain AntvireoDysithamnus mentalisMBS,RAP,RS,TBLR
380Spot-crowned AntvireoDysithamnus puncticepsMBS,RSUC
381Bicolored AntvireoDysithamnus occidentalisSIUC
382White-streaked AntvireoDysithamnus leucostictusLR,SI?
383Checker-throated StipplethroatEpinecrophylla fulviventrisMBS,RSUC
384Foothill StipplethroatEpinecrophylla spodionotaLRFC
385Moustached AntwrenMyrmotherula ignotaRSR
386Pacific AntwrenMyrmotherula pacificaMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
387Stripe-chested AntwrenMyrmotherula longicaudaSI?
388White-flanked AntwrenMyrmotherula axillarisMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
389Slaty AntwrenMyrmotherula schisticolorMBS,RAP,RS,TBLFC
390Plain-winged AntwrenMyrmotherula behniSI?
391Dot-winged AntwrenMicrorhopias quixensisMBS,RS,TBL?
392Streak-headed AntbirdDrymophila striaticepsMBS,RAP,SI,TBLC
393Peruvian Warbling-AntbirdHypocnemis peruvianaSI?
394Dusky AntbirdCercomacroides tyranninaMBS,RSUC
395Blackish AntbirdCercomacroides nigrescensLR,SI?
396Western Fire-eyePyriglena mauraLR,MBS,RS,SI?
397White-browed AntbirdMyrmoborus leucophrysSI?
398Black-faced AntbirdMyrmoborus myotherinusSI?
399Chestnut-backed AntbirdPoliocrania exsulMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
400Esmeraldas AntbirdSipia nigricaudaMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
401Stub-tailed AntbirdSipia berlepschiRSUC
402Zeledon's AntbirdHafferia zeledoniMBS,RAP,RS,TBLFC
403Bicolored AntbirdGymnopithys bicolorMBS,RSR

 
Crescentchests: Melanopareiidae

404Elegant CrescentchestMelanopareia elegansRSUC

 
Gnateaters: Conopophagidae

405Chestnut-crowned GnateaterConopophaga castaneicepsSI?

 
Antpittas: Grallariidae

406Undulated AntpittaGrallaria squamigeraPP,SIR
407Giant AntpittaGrallaria giganteaMBS,RAP,SI,TBLR
408Moustached AntpittaGrallaria alleniRAP,SI,TBLUC
409Scaled AntpittaGrallaria guatimalensisMBS,RAP,RS,TBLUC
410Plain-backed AntpittaGrallaria haplonotaLRUC
411Chestnut-crowned AntpittaGrallaria ruficapillaBCFR,MBS,PP,RAP,SIC
412Chestnut-naped AntpittaGrallaria nuchalisPP,SIUC
413Yellow-breasted AntpittaGrallaria flavotinctaBCFR,RAP,TBL?
414White-bellied AntpittaGrallaria hypoleucaSIC
415Equatorial AntpittaGrallaria saturataPP,SIR
416Tawny AntpittaGrallaria quitensisPPC
417Ochre-breasted AntpittaGrallaricula flavirostrisMBS,RAP,TBLFC
418Peruvian AntpittaGrallaricula peruvianaSIR
419Slate-crowned AntpittaGrallaricula nanaSIFC

 
Tapaculos: Rhinocryptidae

420Ocellated TapaculoAcropternis orthonyxBCFR,PP,RAP,SI,TBL?
421Ash-colored TapaculoMyornis senilisMBS,RAP,SI,TBL?
422Paramo TapaculoScytalopus opacusPPFC
423White-crowned TapaculoScytalopus atratusSI?
424Long-tailed TapaculoScytalopus micropterusSIC
425Blackish TapaculoScytalopus latransPP,RAP,SI,TBL?
426Nariño TapaculoScytalopus viciniorMBS,RAP,TBLFC
427Spillmann's TapaculoScytalopus spillmanniMany?

 
Antthrushes: Formicariidae

428Black-faced AntthrushFormicarius analisSI?
429Black-headed AntthrushFormicarius nigricapillusMBS,RS,TBL?
430Rufous-breasted AntthrushFormicarius rufipectusLR,MBS,RAP,SI,TBLFC
431Short-tailed AntthrushChamaeza campanisonaLR,SI?
432Barred AntthrushChamaeza mollissimaSIUC

 
Ovenbirds and Woodcreepers: Furnariidae

433South American LeaftosserSclerurus obscuriorMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBLR
434Scaly-throated LeaftosserSclerurus guatemalensisMBS,RAP,RS?
435Gray-throated LeaftosserSclerurus albigularisSI?
436Olivaceous WoodcreeperSittasomus griseicapillusLR,RS,SI?
437Tyrannine WoodcreeperDendrocincla tyranninaBCFR,MBS,RAP,SI
TBL
UC
438Plain-brown WoodcreeperDendrocincla fuliginosaMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBL?
439Wedge-billed WoodcreeperGlyphorynchus spirurusMany?
440Northern Barred-WoodcreeperDendrocolaptes sanctithomaeMBS,RSUC
441Black-banded WoodcreeperDendrocolaptes picumnusSI?
442Strong-billed WoodcreeperXiphocolaptes promeropirhynchusBCFR,RAPC
443Ocellated WoodcreeperXiphorhynchus ocellatusSI?
444Buff-throated WoodcreeperXiphorhynchus guttatusSI?
445Black-striped WoodcreeperXiphorhynchus lachrymosusMBS,RSUC
446Spotted WoodcreeperXiphorhynchus erythropygiusMBS,RAP,RSC
447Olive-backed WoodcreeperXiphorhynchus triangularisLR,PP,SIFC
448Red-billed ScythebillCampylorhamphus trochilirostrisRSVR
449Brown-billed ScythebillCampylorhamphus pusillusMany?
450Greater ScythebillDrymotoxeres pucheraniiSIR
451Streak-headed WoodcreeperLepidocolaptes souleyetiiMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
452Montane WoodcreeperLepidocolaptes lacrymigerManyC
453Duida WoodcreeperLepidocolaptes duidaeSI?
454Plain XenopsXenops minutusMBS,RAP,RS,SI?
455Streaked XenopsXenops rutilansMany?
456Pacific TuftedcheekPseudocolaptes johnsoniMBS,RAP,TBL?
457Streaked TuftedcheekPseudocolaptes boissonneautiiManyFC
458Rusty-winged BarbtailPremnornis guttuligerBCFR,MBS,RAP,SI
TBL
FC
459Pale-legged HorneroFurnarius leucopusMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
460Pacific Hornero**Furnarius cinnamomeusMBS,RSC
461Sharp-tailed StreamcreeperLochmias nematuraSIR
462Chestnut-winged CinclodesCinclodes albidiventrisPPC
463Stout-billed CinclodesCinclodes excelsiorPPFC
464Dusky-cheeked Foliage-gleanerAnabazenops dorsalisSI?
465Rufous-rumped Foliage-gleanerPhilydor erythrocercumSI?
466Scaly-throated Foliage-gleanerAnabacerthia variegaticepsMBS,RAP,RSC
467Montane Foliage-gleanerAnabacerthia striaticollisLR,SIFC
468Rufous-tailed Foliage-gleanerAnabacerthia ruficaudataSI?
469Lineated Foliage-gleanerSyndactyla subalarisManyC
470Buff-fronted Foliage-gleanerDendroma rufumMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBL?
471Ruddy Foliage-gleanerClibanornis rubiginosusMBS,RAP,RSR
472Uniform TreehunterThripadectes ignobilisMBS,RAP,RS,TBLR
473Flammulated TreehunterThripadectes flammulatusBCFR,SIR
474Striped TreehunterThripadectes holostictusBCFR,MBS,RAP,SI
TBL
FC
475Streak-capped TreehunterThripadectes virgaticepsBCFR,MBS,RAP,SI
TBL
FC
476Black-billed TreehunterThripadectes melanorhynchusLR,SI?
477Buff-throated Foliage-gleanerAutomolus ochrolaemusLR,MBS,RS 
478Eastern WoodhaunterAutomolus subulatusMBS,RS,TBL?
479Western Woodhaunter**Automolus virgatusMBS,RSFC
480Spotted BarbtailPremnoplex brunnescensManyFC
481Pearled TreerunnerMargarornis squamigerMany?
482Andean Tit-SpinetailLeptasthenura andicolaPPFC
483White-browed SpinetailHellmayrea gularisPP?
484Many-striped CanasteroAsthenes flammulataPPFC
485Streak-backed CanasteroAsthenes wyattiPP?
486White-chinned ThistletailAsthenes fuliginosaPPFC
487Double-banded GraytailXenerpestes minlosiRSVR
488Spectacled PrickletailSiptornis striaticollisSI?
489Red-faced SpinetailCranioleuca erythropsBCFR,MBS,RAPC
490Ash-browed SpinetailCranioleuca curtataLRFC
491Azara's SpinetailSynallaxis azaraeManyA
492Dark-breasted SpinetailSynallaxis albigularisLR,SI?
493Rufous SpinetailSynallaxis unirufaMany?
494Slaty SpinetailSynallaxis brachyuraMBS,RAP,RSFC
495Dusky SpinetailSynallaxis moestaSI?

 
Manakins: Pipridae

496Golden-winged ManakinMasius chrysopterusMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBLUC
497Choco ManakinCryptopipo litaeMBS,RSR
498Green ManakinCryptopipo holochloraRS?
499Velvety ManakinLepidothrix velutinaMBS,RSR
500Blue-capped ManakinLepidothrix coronataRS?
501Blue-rumped ManakinLepidothrix isidoreiLRFC
502White-bearded ManakinManacus manacusMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
503Club-winged ManakinMachaeropterus deliciosusMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
504White-crowned ManakinPseudopipra pipraSI?
505Red-capped ManakinCeratopipra mentalisMBS,RSR

 
Cotingas: Cotingidae

506Green-and-black FruiteaterPipreola riefferiiBCFR,MBS,RAP,SIC
507Barred FruiteaterPipreola arcuataPP,SIUC
508Orange-breasted FruiteaterPipreola jucundaMBS,RAP,TBLX
509Black-chested FruiteaterPipreola lubomirskiiSIFC
510Scarlet-breasted FruiteaterPipreola frontalisLR,SI?
511Fiery-throated FruiteaterPipreola chlorolepidotaLR,SI?
512Scaled FruiteaterAmpelioides tschudiiMBS,RAP,SI,TBLUC
513Red-crested CotingaAmpelion rubrocristatusBCFR,PP,RAP,SI,TBL?
514Andean Cock-of-the-rockRupicola peruvianusBCFR,MBS,RAP,SI
TBL
FC
515Gray-tailed PihaSnowornis subalarisSI?
516Olivaceous PihaSnowornis cryptolophusMBS,RAP,TBLFC
517Purple-throated FruitcrowQuerula purpurataMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
518Amazonian UmbrellabirdCephalopterus ornatusLRR
519Long-wattled UmbrellabirdCephalopterus penduligerMBS,RAP,RS?
520Dusky PihaLipaugus fuscocinereusSIUC
521Black-tipped CotingaCarpodectes hopkeiMBS,RSR

 
Tityras and Allies: Tityridae

522Black-crowned TityraTityra inquisitorMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
523Masked TityraTityra semifasciataLR,RAP,RS,SIC
524Northern SchiffornisSchiffornis veraepacisMBS,RS,TBL?
525Foothill SchiffornisSchiffornis aeneaSI?
526Green-backed BecardPachyramphus viridisSI?
527Barred BecardPachyramphus versicolorManyFC
528Slaty BecardPachyramphus spodiurusMBS,RSVR
529Cinnamon BecardPachyramphus cinnamomeusMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
530Chestnut-crowned BecardPachyramphus castaneusSI?
531White-winged BecardPachyramphus polychopterusMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBLUC
532Black-and-white BecardPachyramphus albogriseusManyUC
533One-colored BecardPachyramphus homochrousMBS,RAP,RS,TBLUC

 
Sharpbill: Oxyruncidae

534Tawny-breasted FlycatcherMyiobius villosusMBS,RAP,RSUC
535Ruddy-tailed FlycatcherTerenotriccus erythrurusRSUC
536Sulphur-rumped FlycatcherMyiobius sulphureipygiusMBS,RAP,RSUC
537Black-tailed FlycatcherMyiobius atricaudusRSR

 
Tyrant Flycatchers: Tyrannidae

538White-throated SpadebillPlatyrinchus mystaceusMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBL?
539Golden-crowned SpadebillPlatyrinchus coronatusMBS,RSUC
540Yellow-throated SpadebillPlatyrinchus flavigularisSI?
541Streak-necked FlycatcherMionectes striaticollisManyC
542Olive-striped FlycatcherMionectes galbinusMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBL?
543Ochre-bellied FlycatcherMionectes oleagineusMBS,RAP,RS,SI?
544Slaty-capped FlycatcherLeptopogon superciliarisMany?
545Rufous-breasted FlycatcherLeptopogon rufipectusPP,SIFC
546Ecuadorian TyrannuletPhylloscartes gualaquizaeLR,SI?
547Marble-faced Bristle-TyrantPogonotriccus ophthalmicusMBS,RAP,RS,SIC
548Variegated Bristle-TyrantPogonotriccus poecilotisSIFC
549Spectacled Bristle-TyrantPogonotriccus orbitalisSI?
550Bronze-olive Pygmy-TyrantPseudotriccus pelzelniRAP,SI,TBLFC
551Rufous-headed Pygmy-TyrantPseudotriccus ruficepsBCFR,MBS,RAP,SI
TBL
?
552Black-capped Pygmy-TyrantMyiornis atricapillusMBS,RAP,RSUC
553Scale-crested Pygmy-TyrantLophotriccus pileatusMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBLUC
554Black-throated Tody-TyrantHemitriccus granadensisSI?
555Buff-throated Tody-TyrantHemitriccus rufigularisLR,SI?
556Rufous-crowned Tody-FlycatcherPoecilotriccus ruficepsMBS,RAP,SI,TBL?
557Black-and-white Tody-FlycatcherPoecilotriccus capitalisLR,SI?
558Golden-winged Tody-FlycatcherPoecilotriccus calopterusSI?
559Common Tody-FlycatcherTodirostrum cinereumMany?
560Black-headed Tody-FlycatcherTodirostrum nigricepsMBS,RAP,RSUC
561Pacific FlatbillRhynchocyclus pacificusMBS,RS,TBL?
562Fulvous-breasted FlatbillRhynchocyclus fulvipectusMBS,SIUC
563Yellow-olive FlycatcherTolmomyias sulphurescensRS,SI?
564Yellow-winged FlycatcherTolmomyias flavotectusMBS,RAP,RSUC
565Gray-crowned FlycatcherTolmomyias poliocephalusSI?
566Olive-faced FlycatcherTolmomyias viridicepsSI?
567Cinnamon FlycatcherPyrrhomyias cinnamomeusMany?
568Cliff FlycatcherHirundinea ferrugineaLR,SI?
569Ornate FlycatcherMyiotriccus ornatusMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBL?
570Handsome FlycatcherNephelomyias pulcherSIC
571Southern Beardless-TyrannuletCamptostoma obsoletumMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
572Brown-capped TyrannuletOrnithion brunneicapillusMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
573White-tailed TyrannuletMecocerculus poecilocercusBCFR,MBS,RAP,SI
TBL
C
574White-banded TyrannuletMecocerculus stictopterusPP?
575White-throated TyrannuletMecocerculus leucophrysPP?
576Rufous-winged TyrannuletMecocerculus calopterusRAP,RS,TBLFC
577Sulphur-bellied TyrannuletMecocerculus minorSIC
578Tufted Tit-TyrantAnairetes parulusPP,RAP,TBL?
579Agile Tit-TyrantUromyias agilisPP?
580Yellow TyrannuletCapsiempis flaveolaMany?
581Yellow-crowned TyrannuletTyrannulus elatusMBS,RAP,RS,SI?
582Gray ElaeniaMyiopagis canicepsRSUC
583Choco ElaeniaMyiopagis parambaeMBS,RS,SI?
584Foothill ElaeniaMyiopagis olallaiLR,PP?
585Greenish ElaeniaMyiopagis viridicataMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
586Yellow-bellied ElaeniaElaenia flavogasterMBS,RAP,RSFC
587White-crested ElaeniaElaenia albicepsManyFC
588Small-billed ElaeniaElaenia parvirostrisSI?
589Mottle-backed ElaeniaElaenia gigasLR,SI?
590Coopmans's ElaeniaElaenia brachypteraMBS,RAP,SI?
591Sierran ElaeniaElaenia pallatangaeMBS,PP,RAP,SI 
592Torrent TyrannuletSerpophaga cinereaManyFC
593White-fronted TyrannuletPhyllomyias zeledoniMBS,RS?
594Sooty-headed TyrannuletPhyllomyias griseicepsMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBL?
595Black-capped TyrannuletPhyllomyias nigrocapillusBCFR,MBS,RAP,SI
TBL
?
596Ashy-headed TyrannuletPhyllomyias cinereicepsMBS,RAP,SI,TBLFC
597Tawny-rumped TyrannuletPhyllomyias uropygialisBCFR,MBS,PP,SI,TBL?
598Plumbeous-crowned TyrannuletPhyllomyias plumbeicepsSI?
599Red-billed TyrannuletZimmerius cinereicapillaSI?
600Choco TyrannuletZimmerius albigularisMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
601Golden-faced TyrannuletZimmerius chrysopsLR,PP,RS,SI?
602Flavescent FlycatcherMyiophobus flavicansBCFR,MBS,RAP,SI
TBL
C
603Orange-crested FlycatcherMyiophobus phoenicomitraMBS,RS,SI?
604Olive-chested FlycatcherMyiophobus cryptoxanthusSIR
605Bran-colored FlycatcherMyiophobus fasciatusRAP,RS,SI?
606Mouse-gray FlycatcherMyiophobus crypterythrusMBS,RAP,RS,TBLUC
607Euler's FlycatcherLathrotriccus euleriLR,SI?
608Gray-breasted FlycatcherLathrotriccus griseipectusMBS?
609Olive-sided FlycatcherContopus cooperiMBS,PP,RAP,RS,SIFC
610Smoke-colored PeweeContopus fumigatusPP,RAP,SI,TBLA
611Tumbes PeweeContopus punensisRS?
612Western Wood-PeweeContopus sordidulusMany?
613Eastern Wood-PeweeContopus virensMBS,SIVR
614Acadian FlycatcherEmpidonax virescensMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
615Alder FlycatcherEmpidonax alnorumMBS?
616Black PhoebeSayornis nigricansManyC
617Vermilion FlycatcherPyrocephalus rubinusMany?
618Rufous-tailed TyrantKnipolegus poecilurusSI?
619Spot-billed Ground-TyrantMuscisaxicola maculirostrisPP?
620White-browed Ground-TyrantMuscisaxicola albiloraPP?
621Plain-capped Ground-TyrantMuscisaxicola alpinusPPFC
622Red-rumped Bush-TyrantCnemarchus erythropygiusPPUC
623Black-billed Shrike-TyrantAgriornis montanusPPUC
624Streak-throated Bush-TyrantMyiotheretes striaticollisPP,RAP,SIFC
625Smoky Bush-TyrantMyiotheretes fumigatusBCFR,PP,RAP,SI,TBL?
626Masked Water-TyrantFluvicola nengetaMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
627Crowned Chat-TyrantSilvicultrix frontalisPP?
628Yellow-bellied Chat-TyrantSilvicultrix diademaBCFR,PP,RAP,SI,TBL?
629Chestnut-bellied Chat-TyrantOchthoeca cinnamomeiventrisPP,RAP,SIFC
630Rufous-breasted Chat-TyrantOchthoeca rufipectoralisPP,SIR
631Brown-backed Chat-TyrantOchthoeca fumicolorPPC
632Long-tailed TyrantColonia colonusMBS,RS,SI?
633Large-headed FlatbillRamphotrigon megacephalumLRUC
634Bright-rumped AttilaAttila spadiceusRAP,RSC
635Choco SirystesSirystes albogriseusMBS,RSR
636Rufous MournerRhytipterna holerythraMBS,RS?
637Dusky-capped FlycatcherMyiarchus tuberculiferMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBLC
638Short-crested FlycatcherMyiarchus feroxSI?
639Pale-edged FlycatcherMyiarchus cephalotesSIC
640Great KiskadeePitangus sulphuratusLR,SI?
641Boat-billed FlycatcherMegarynchus pitanguaMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBL?
642Rusty-margined FlycatcherMyiozetetes cayanensisMBS,RAP,RSC
643Social FlycatcherMyiozetetes similisMany?
644Gray-capped FlycatcherMyiozetetes granadensisMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBL?
645White-ringed FlycatcherConopias albovittatusMBS,RSR
646Lemon-browed FlycatcherConopias cinchonetiLR,SIUC
647Golden-bellied FlycatcherMyiodynastes hemichrysusBCFR,MBS,RAP,SI
TBL
C
648Streaked FlycatcherMyiodynastes maculatusMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
649Sulphur-bellied FlycatcherMyiodynastes luteiventrisMBS?
650Piratic FlycatcherLegatus leucophaiusMBS,RAP,RS,SI?
651Variegated FlycatcherEmpidonomus variusSI?
652Snowy-throated KingbirdTyrannus niveigularisMBS,RAP,RSUC
653Tropical KingbirdTyrannus melancholicusLR,MBS,RAP,RS,SIA
654Eastern KingbirdTyrannus tyrannusSIR
655Fork-tailed FlycatcherTyrannus savanaMBS,RS,SIR

 
Vireos, Shrike-Babblers, and Erpornis: Vireonidae

656Rufous-browed PeppershrikeCyclarhis gujanensisMBS,RS?
657Black-billed PeppershrikeCyclarhis nigrirostrisMBS,RS,SI,TBL?
658Olivaceous GreenletHylophilus olivaceusLR,SI?
659Slaty-capped Shrike-VireoVireolanius leucotisMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBL?
660Tawny-crowned GreenletTunchironis ochraceicepsMBS,RSR
661Rufous-naped GreenletPachysilvia semibrunneaSIX
662Lesser GreenletPachysilvia decurtataMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
663Brown-capped VireoVireo leucophrysBCFR,RAP,RS,SI,TBLA
664Red-eyed VireoVireo olivaceusRAP,RS,SI?
665Chivi VireoVireo chiriMBS,RAP,RS,TBLFC
666Yellow-green VireoVireo flavoviridisSI?

 
Crows, Jays, and Magpies: Corvidae

667Beautiful JayCyanolyca pulchraRAP,TBLUC
668Turquoise JayCyanolyca turcosaManyFC
669Inca JayCyanocorax yncasPP,SIC
670Violaceous JayCyanocorax violaceusLR,SI?

 
Donacobius: Donacobiidae

671Black-capped DonacobiusDonacobius atricapillaSI?

 
Swallows: Hirundinidae

672Blue-and-white SwallowPygochelidon cyanoleucaManyA
673Pale-footed SwallowOrochelidon flavipesPP,SIUC
674Brown-bellied SwallowOrochelidon murinaMBS,PP,RAP,SI,TBL?
675White-thighed SwallowAtticora tibialisMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBL?
676White-banded SwallowAtticora fasciataSI?
677Southern Rough-winged SwallowStelgidopteryx ruficollisLR,MBS,RAP,RS,SIC
678Purple MartinProgne subisSIVR
679Gray-breasted MartinProgne chalybeaMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBL?
680Brown-chested MartinProgne taperaSI?
681Bank SwallowRiparia ripariaRAP,SIR
682Barn SwallowHirundo rusticaManyR

 
Gnatcatchers: Polioptilidae

683Tawny-faced GnatwrenMicrobates cinereiventrisMBS,RSR
684Long-billed GnatwrenRamphocaenus melanurusRS?
685Slate-throated GnatcatcherPolioptila schistaceigulaRSUC
686Tropical GnatcatcherPolioptila plumbeaRSUC
687White-browed GnatcatcherPolioptila bilineataMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?

 
Wrens: Troglodytidae

688Scaly-breasted WrenMicrocerculus marginatusMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
689Wing-banded WrenMicrocerculus bamblaLR,SI?
690Gray-mantled WrenOdontorchilus branickiiLR,MBS,RS,SI?
691House WrenTroglodytes aedonMBS,RAP,RSC
692Mountain WrenTroglodytes solstitialisPP,RAP,SIC
693Grass WrenCistothorus platensisPPFC
694Band-backed WrenCampylorhynchus zonatusMBS,RAP,RSUC
695Thrush-like WrenCampylorhynchus turdinusSI?
696Plain-tailed WrenPheugopedius euophrysMany?
697Whiskered WrenPheugopedius mystacalisMBS,RAP,RS,TBLR
698Coraya WrenPheugopedius corayaSI?
699Stripe-throated WrenCantorchilus leucopogonRSUC
700Bay WrenCantorchilus nigricapillusMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
701Rufous WrenCinnycerthia unirufaPP,RAP,SI,TBL?
702Sharpe's WrenCinnycerthia olivascensMBS,RAP,SI,TBL?
703White-breasted Wood-WrenHenicorhina leucostictaRS,SI?
704Gray-breasted Wood-WrenHenicorhina leucophrysManyA
705Chestnut-breasted WrenCyphorhinus thoracicusSI?
706Song WrenCyphorhinus phaeocephalusMBS?
707Musician WrenCyphorhinus aradaLR,SI?

 
Dippers: Cinclidae

708White-capped DipperCinclus leucocephalusBCFR,PP,RAP,SI,TBLFC

 
Mockingbirds and Thrashers: Mimidae

709Tropical MockingbirdMimus gilvusRAP,SI,TBL?

 
Thrushes and Allies: Turdidae

710Andean SolitaireMyadestes ralloidesBCFR,RAP,SI,TBLC
711Slaty-backed Nightingale-ThrushCatharus fuscaterManyUC
712Speckled Nightingale-ThrushCatharus maculatusLR,RAP,RSFC
713Swainson's ThrushCatharus ustulatusBCFR,LR,RAP,TBLC
714Black SolitaireEntomodestes coracinusMBS,RAP,TBL?
715Rufous-brown SolitaireCichlopsis leucogenysMBS?
716Pale-vented ThrushTurdus obsoletusMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
717White-necked ThrushTurdus albicollisSI?
718Ecuadorian ThrushTurdus maculirostrisMBS,RAP,RS,TBLFC
719Pale-eyed ThrushTurdus leucopsMBS,RAP,SI,TBLUC
720Black-billed ThrushTurdus ignobilisPP,SIUC
721Chestnut-bellied ThrushTurdus fulviventrisSIUC
722Great ThrushTurdus fuscaterMBS,PP,RAP,SIA
723Glossy-black ThrushTurdus serranusManyC
724Dagua Thrush**Turdus daguaeMBS,RS?

 
Old World Sparrows: Passeridae

725House SparrowPasser domesticusMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?

 
Wagtails and Pipits: Motacillidae

726Paramo PipitAnthus bogotensisPP?

 
Finches, Euphonias, and Allies: Fringillidae

727Golden-rumped EuphoniaChlorophonia cyanocephalaMBS,PP,RAP,SI,TBLFC
728Blue-naped ChlorophoniaChlorophonia cyaneaSIC
729Chestnut-breasted ChlorophoniaChlorophonia pyrrhophrysRAP,SI,TBLUC
730Yellow-collared ChlorophoniaChlorophonia flavirostrisMBS,RAP,RSUC
731Orange-crowned EuphoniaEuphonia saturataMBS,RAP,RSUC
732White-vented EuphoniaEuphonia minutaMBS,RS,SI?
733Thick-billed EuphoniaEuphonia laniirostrisBCFR,MBS,RAP,RS
TBL
C
734Fulvous-vented EuphoniaEuphonia fulvicrissaRSR
735Orange-bellied EuphoniaEuphonia xanthogasterManyC
736Bronze-green EuphoniaEuphonia mesochrysaLRC
737Lesser GoldfinchSpinus psaltriaMBS,RAP,TBLUC
738Yellow-bellied SiskinSpinus xanthogastrusMBS,RAP,RSFC
739Hooded SiskinSpinus magellanicusMany 
740Olivaceous SiskinSpinus olivaceusLR,SIFC

 
New World Sparrows: Passerellidae

741Tanager FinchOreothraupis arremonopsBCFR,TBL?
742Yellow-throated ChlorospingusChlorospingus flavigularisLR,MBS,RAP,SIC
743Short-billed ChlorospingusChlorospingus parvirostrisLR 
744Ashy-throated ChlorospingusChlorospingus canigularisMBS,SI?
745Common ChlorospingusChlorospingus flavopectusSIA
746Dusky ChlorospingusChlorospingus semifuscusBCFR,RAPA
747Yellow-browed SparrowAmmodramus aurifronsLR,PPC
748Black-striped SparrowArremonops conirostrisMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
749Gray-browed BrushfinchArremon assimilisPP,SIUC
750Orange-billed SparrowArremon aurantiirostrisMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
751Chestnut-capped BrushfinchArremon brunneinuchaBCFR,PP,RAP,SI,TBLC
752Olive FinchArremon castaneicepsMBS,SI,TBL?
753Rufous-collared SparrowZonotrichia capensisBCFR,PP,RAP,SI,TBLA
754White-rimmed BrushfinchAtlapetes leucopisSIUC
755Tricolored BrushfinchAtlapetes tricolorRAP,TBLC
756Slaty BrushfinchAtlapetes schistaceusSIR
757Pale-naped BrushfinchAtlapetes pallidinuchaPPFC
758White-winged BrushfinchAtlapetes leucopterusBCFR,MBS,RAP,TBLFC
759Yellow-breasted BrushfinchAtlapetes latinuchaBCFR,MBS,PP,RAP
TBL
?

 
Troupials and Allies: Icteridae

760BobolinkDolichonyx oryzivorusRS?
761Red-breasted MeadowlarkLeistes militarisLR,RS,SI?
762Yellow-billed CaciqueAmblycercus holosericeusMBS,SI,TBL?
763Russet-backed OropendolaPsarocolius angustifronsLR,PP,RAP,SIA
764Crested OropendolaPsarocolius decumanusLR,SI?
765Scarlet-rumped CaciqueCacicus uropygialisMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBL?
766Yellow-rumped CaciqueCacicus celaLR,MBS,RS,SI?
767Northern Mountain Cacique**Cacicus leucoramphusPP,SIC
768Yellow-tailed OrioleIcterus mesomelasMBS,RS,TBL?
769Orange-backed TroupialIcterus croconotusSI?
770Shiny CowbirdMolothrus bonariensisRAP,RS,SIC
771Giant CowbirdMolothrus oryzivorusMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBL?
772Scrub BlackbirdDives warczewicziMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?

 
New World Warblers: Parulidae

773Northern WaterthrushParkesia noveboracensisSI,TBL?
774Black-and-white WarblerMniotilta variaManyR
775Tennessee WarblerLeiothlypis peregrinaBCFR,SI,TBLVR
776Mourning WarblerGeothlypis philadelphiaSI?
777Olive-crowned YellowthroatGeothlypis semiflavaMBS,RAP,RS,TBLFC
778American RedstartSetophaga ruticillaMBS,RS,SIR
779Cerulean WarblerSetophaga ceruleaMBS,RAP,RS,SIR
780Tropical ParulaSetophaga pitiayumiMBS,PP,RAP,SI,TBLC
781Bay-breasted WarblerSetophaga castaneaMBS?
782Blackburnian WarblerSetophaga fuscaManyA
783Blackpoll WarblerSetophaga striataMany?
784Black-throated Blue WarblerSetophaga caerulescensSIVR
785Black-throated Green WarblerSetophaga virensSI?
786Three-striped WarblerBasileuterus tristriatusRAP,SI,TBLC
787Citrine WarblerMyiothlypis luteoviridisPP,SIFC
788Black-crested WarblerMyiothlypis nigrocristataMany?
789Buff-rumped WarblerMyiothlypis fulvicaudaMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBL?
790Choco WarblerMyiothlypis chlorophrysMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
791Russet-crowned WarblerMyiothlypis coronataBCFR,MBS,RAP,SI
TBL
C
792Canada WarblerCardellina canadensisMany?
793Wilson's WarblerCardellina pusillaRAP,SI?
794Slate-throated RedstartMyioborus miniatusManyA
795Spectacled RedstartMyioborus melanocephalusManyC

 
Mitrospingid Tanagers: Mitrospingidae

796Dusky-faced TanagerMitrospingus cassiniiMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?

 
Cardinals and Allies: Cardinalidae

797Hepatic TanagerPiranga flavaSI?
798Summer TanagerPiranga rubraLR,MBS,PP,RAP,TBLC
799Scarlet TanagerPiranga olivaceaMBS,RS,SI,TBL?
800White-winged TanagerPiranga leucopteraMBS,RAP,TBLUC
801Red-hooded TanagerPiranga rubricepsSIUC
802Ochre-breasted TanagerChlorothraupis stolzmanniMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
803Golden GrosbeakPheucticus chrysogasterBCFR,MBS,PP,RAP,SIC
804Rose-breasted GrosbeakPheucticus ludovicianusMBS,RAP,SI,TBLR
805Blue SeedeaterAmaurospiza concolorBCFR,RAP,TBLR
806Blue-black GrosbeakCyanoloxia cyanoidesMBS,RSR
807Amazonian GrosbeakCyanoloxia rothschildiiSI?

 
Tanagers and Allies: Thraupidae

808Magpie TanagerCissopis leverianusLR,SI?
809White-capped TanagerSericossypha albocristataSIUC
810Rufous-crested TanagerCreurgops verticalisSIUC
811Black-capped HemispingusKleinothraupis atropileusBCFR,PP,SI,TBL?
812Oleaginous HemispingusSphenopsis frontalisPP,SIFC
813Black-eared HemispingusSphenopsis melanotisMBS,PP,RAP,SI,TBL?
814Western Hemispingus**Sphenopsis ochraceusBCFR,TBLFC
815Superciliaried HemispingusThlypopsis superciliarisPP,SIVR
816Rufous-chested TanagerThlypopsis ornataBCFR,MBS,RAP,TBLFC
817White-shouldered TanagerLoriotus luctuosusMany?
818Tawny-crested TanagerTachyphonus delatriiMBS,RSUC
819White-lined TanagerTachyphonus rufusLR,MBS,RAP,RS,TBLUC
820Lemon-rumped Tanager**Ramphocelus icteronotusMBS,RAP,RS,TBLC
821Silver-beaked TanagerRamphocelus carboLR,SI?
822Moss-backed TanagerBangsia edwardsiMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
823Yellow-green TanagerBangsia flavovirensMBS?
824Hooded Mountain TanagerButhraupis montanaPP,RAP,SI,TBL?
825Blue-capped TanagerSporathraupis cyanocephalaManyFC
826Masked Mountain TanagerTephrophilus wetmoreiPP?
827Grass-green TanagerChlorornis riefferiiBCFR,MBS,RAP,SI
TBL
?
828Black-chested Mountain TanagerCnemathraupis eximiaPP?
829Lacrimose Mountain TanagerAnisognathus lacrymosusPP,SIFC
830Scarlet-bellied Mountain TanagerAnisognathus igniventrisPP,RAP,SIFC
831Blue-winged Mountain TanagerAnisognathus somptuosusBCFR,MBS,RAP,TBLC
832Black-chinned Mountain TanagerAnisognathus notabilisBCFR,MBS,RAP,TBL?
833Buff-breasted Mountain TanagerDubusia taeniataPP,SIUC
834Yellow-throated TanagerIridosornis analisLR,SI?
835Golden-crowned TanagerIridosornis rufivertexPP,SIR
836Fawn-breasted TanagerPipraeidea melanonotaManyFC
837Blue-and-yellow TanagerRauenia bonariensisPP,RAP,TBL?
838Glistening-green TanagerChlorochrysa phoenicotisMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
839Orange-eared TanagerChlorochrysa calliparaeaLR,SIFC
840Blue-gray TanagerThraupis episcopusPP,RAP 
841Palm TanagerThraupis palmarumLR,MBS,RAP,RSC
842Rufous-throated TanagerIxothraupis rufigulaMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
843Yellow-bellied TanagerIxothraupis xanthogastraLR,SI?
844Spotted TanagerIxothraupis punctataLR,SI?
845Golden-naped TanagerChalcothraupis ruficervixBCFR,MBS,RAP,SI
TBL
C
846Gray-and-gold TanagerPoecilostreptus palmeriMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
847Black-capped TanagerStilpnia heineiMBS,PP,RAP,SI,TBLC
848Scrub TanagerStilpnia vitriolinaMBS,TBLX
849Masked TanagerStilpnia nigrocinctaSI?
850Golden-hooded TanagerStilpnia larvataMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
851Blue-necked TanagerStilpnia cyanicollisMany?
852Blue-and-black TanagerTangara vassoriiManyFC
853Beryl-spangled TanagerTangara nigroviridisManyC
854Metallic-green TanagerTangara labradoridesMBS,RAP,TBLFC
855Blue-browed TanagerTangara cyanotisSI?
856Turquoise TanagerTangara mexicanaSI?
857Paradise TanagerTangara chilensisLR,SI?
858Rufous-winged TanagerTangara laviniaRSUC
859Bay-headed TanagerTangara gyrolaMany?
860Golden-eared TanagerTangara chrysotisLR,SI?
861Saffron-crowned TanagerTangara xanthocephalaRAP,SIC
862Flame-faced TanagerTangara parzudakiiBCFR,RAP,RS,SIC
863Green-and-gold TanagerTangara schrankiiSI?
864Blue-whiskered TanagerTangara johannaeRSUC
865Golden TanagerTangara arthusManyA
866Emerald TanagerTangara floridaMBS,RSUC
867Silver-throated TanagerTangara icterocephalaMBS,RAP,RSC
868Swallow TanagerTersina viridisMany?
869Black-faced DacnisDacnis lineataMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBL?
870Black-faced Dacnis**Dacnis egregiaRSC
871Yellow-bellied DacnisDacnis flaviventerSI?
872Scarlet-thighed DacnisDacnis venustaRSUC
873Blue DacnisDacnis cayanaMany?
874Scarlet-breasted DacnisDacnis berlepschiRSUC
875Purple HoneycreeperCyanerpes caeruleusMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBL?
876Red-legged HoneycreeperCyanerpes cyaneusRS?
877Green HoneycreeperChlorophanes spizaMBS,RAP,RS,SIC
878Golden-collared HoneycreeperIridophanes pulcherrimusMBS,SIUC
879Scarlet-browed TanagerHeterospingus xanthopygiusMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
880Guira TanagerHemithraupis guiraMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
881Scarlet-and-white TanagerChrysothlypis salmoniRSR
882Chestnut-vented ConebillConirostrum speciosumSI?
883Giant ConebillConirostrum binghamiPPUC
884Blue-backed ConebillConirostrum sitticolorPP,SI?
885Capped ConebillConirostrum albifronsMany?
886Cinereous ConebillConirostrum cinereumPP,RAP,TBL?
887Glossy FlowerpiercerDiglossa lafresnayiiPPFC
888Black FlowerpiercerDiglossa humeralisPPFC
889White-sided FlowerpiercerDiglossa albilateraManyC
890Indigo FlowerpiercerDiglossa indigoticaMBS,RAP?
891Rusty FlowerpiercerDiglossa sittoidesPP,RAP,SI,TBLX
892Deep-blue FlowerpiercerDiglossa glaucaLRFC
893Bluish FlowerpiercerDiglossa caerulescensBCFR,PP,SI 
894Masked FlowerpiercerDiglossa cyaneaMBS,PP,RAP,SI,TBLC
895PlushcapCatamblyrhynchus diademaManyUC
896Black-backed Bush TanagerUrothraupis stolzmanniPP?
897Plumbeous Sierra FinchGeospizopsis unicolorPPFC
898Ash-breasted Sierra FinchGeospizopsis plebejusPP,RAP,TBL?
899Slaty FinchSpodiornis rusticaBCFR,PP,RAP,SI,TBLUC
900Band-tailed Sierra FinchPorphyrospiza alaudinusPP,RAP,TBL?
901Black-headed HemispingusPseudospingus verticalisPP,SI?
902Gray-hooded Bush TanagerCnemoscopus rubrirostrisPP,SIR
903Saffron FinchSicalis flaveolaMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
904Grassland Yellow-FinchSicalis luteolaTBL?
905Blue-black GrassquitVolatinia jacarinaMBS,RAP,RS,SIC
906Chestnut-throated SeedeaterSporophila telascoRS?
907Chestnut-bellied SeedeaterSporophila castaneiventrisLR,PPFC
908Thick-billed Seed-FinchSporophila funereaMBS,RS,TBL?
909Chestnut-bellied Seed-FinchSporophila angolensisLR,SI?
910Variable SeedeaterSporophila corvinaMBS,RAP,RSC
911Caqueta SeedeaterSporophila murallaeLRUC
912Black-and-white SeedeaterSporophila luctuosaLR,MBS,PP,RAPFC
913Yellow-bellied SeedeaterSporophila nigricollisManyC
914Band-tailed SeedeaterCatamenia analisPP,TBL?
915Plain-colored SeedeaterCatamenia inornataPP,SI?
916Paramo SeedeaterCatamenia homochroaPP,SI?
917Red-crested FinchCoryphospingus cucullatusSI?
918Crimson-breasted FinchRhodospingus cruentusRSR
919BananaquitCoereba flaveolaLR,MBS,RAP,RSC
920Yellow-faced GrassquitTiaris olivaceusMBS,RAP,TBLUC
921Dull-colored GrassquitAsemospiza obscurusMBS,RAP,RS,TBL?
922Buff-throated SaltatorSaltator maximusMany?
923Black-winged SaltatorSaltator atripennisRAP,RS,TBLC
924Bluish-gray SaltatorSaltator coerulescensLR,SI?
925Streaked SaltatorSaltator striatipectusMBS,RAP?
926Masked SaltatorSaltator cinctusSIVR
927Slate-colored GrosbeakSaltator grossusMBS,RAP,RS,SI,TBL?

 

 *Nomenclature and taxonomic affinities are based on Clements 6th Edition published 2007 with updates through 2021 maintained by the Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology, which relies largely on the AOU and SACC nomenclature committees. IUCN status may reflect splits not currently recognized by Clements.
**Species not accepted by Clements, AOU, or SACC that we recognize based on the IOC, field observations along with geographical separation, consensus opinions of field guide authors, and other sources. These species are potential splits in future Clements updates.

 

TOUR NOTES

Accommodations in Quito not included in tour price.

 

ADDITIONAL INFO
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BIRDING LOCALES

 

PRESENCE CODES

CodeDescription##
//Boreal Visitor35
\\Austral Visitor5
||Transient3
##Non-breeding Dispersal0
<>Erratic/Irregular9
()Breeding Season Only2
{}Casual/Vagrant4
[]Accidental3

OCCURRENCE CODES

CodeDescription##
AAbundant/Very Common31
CCommon149
FCFairly/Locally Common167
UCUncommon/Scarce209
RRare/Very Scarce123
VRVery Rare28
XAccidental/Vagrant10
?Uncertain209

STATUS CODES

CodeDescription##
NTNear Threatened33
VVulnerable22
ENEndangered6
CRCritically Endangered0

Species counts in code tables depend on completeness of the data. For some countries or locales, data may not include all species or information on species presence may be incomplete.