List of species that are endemic (E), near endemic (NE), have restricted ranges (RR), or occur only locally (LC) in the country. Table also shows species with threatened or endangered status according to the IUCN. Finally, it indicates whether the species is migratory, very rare, or accidental. Names in parentheses (if any) are new official names in the revised Clements updates. '^' indicates range-restricted in country but more widely distributed elsewhere.*
| 1 | Fulvous Whistling-Duck^ | Dendrocygna bicolor | RR | |
| 2 | Masked Duck | Nomonyx dominicus | LC | |
| 3 | Plain Chachalaca | Ortalis vetula | RR | |
| 4 | White-bellied Chachalaca | Ortalis leucogastra | RR | |
| 5 | White-winged Guan | Penelope albipennis | | CR |
| 6 | Black Guan | Chamaepetes unicolor | NE | NT |
| 7 | Great Curassow | Crax rubra | LC | V |
| 8 | Buffy-crowned Wood-Partridge | Dendrortyx leucophrys | LC | |
| 9 | Crested Bobwhite | Colinus cristatus | RR | |
| 10 | Marbled Wood-Quail | Odontophorus gujanensis | LC | |
| 11 | Black-eared Wood-Quail | Odontophorus melanotis | LC | |
| 12 | Black-breasted Wood-Quail | Odontophorus leucolaemus | NE | |
| 13 | Galapagos Petrel | Pterodroma phaeopygia | | CR |
| 14 | Parkinson's Petrel | Procellaria parkinsoni | | V |
| 15 | Pink-footed Shearwater | Puffinus creatopus | | V |
| 16 | Sooty Shearwater | Puffinus griseus | | NT |
| 17 | Jabiru | Jabiru mycteria | RR | |
| 18 | Wood Stork | Mycteria americana | RR | |
| 19 | Pinnated Bittern | Botaurus pinnatus | LC | |
| 20 | Fasciated Tiger-Heron | Tigrisoma fasciatum | LC | |
| 21 | /Reddish Egret/ | Egretta rufescens | | NT |
| 22 | Agami Heron | Agamia agami | LC | |
| 23 | Boat-billed Heron | Cochlearius cochlearius | LC | |
| 24 | White Ibis | Eudocimus albus | LC | |
| 25 | Glossy Ibis | Plegadis falcinellus | RR | |
| 26 | Green Ibis | Mesembrinibis cayennensis | LC | |
| 27 | Lesser Yellow-headed Vulture | Cathartes burrovianus | RR | |
| 28 | Gray-headed Kite | Leptodon cayanensis | LC | |
| 29 | Pearl Kite | Gampsonyx swainsonii | RR | |
| 30 | Black-collared Hawk | Busarellus nigricollis | LC | |
| 31 | Savanna Hawk^ | Buteogallus meridionalis | RR | |
| 32 | Harris's Hawk^ | Parabuteo unicinctus | RR | |
| 33 | Solitary Eagle | Harpyhaliaetus solitarius | | NT |
| 34 | White-tailed Hawk^ | Buteo albicaudatus | RR | |
| 35 | Crested Eagle | Morphnus guianensis | LC | NT |
| 36 | Harpy Eagle | Harpia harpyja | LC | NT |
| 37 | Red-throated Caracara | Ibycter americanus | RR | |
| 38 | Crested Caracara | Caracara cheriway | RR | |
| 39 | Black Rail | Laterallus jamaicensis | | NT |
| 40 | Rufous-necked Wood-Rail | Aramides axillaris | LC | |
| 41 | Sungrebe | Heliornis fulica | LC | |
| 42 | Limpkin^ | Aramus guarauna | RR | |
| 43 | Double-striped Thick-knee | Burhinus bistriatus | RR | |
| 44 | Collared Plover | Charadrius collaris | LC | |
| 45 | |Buff-breasted Sandpiper| | Tryngites subruficollis | | NT |
| 46 | [Heermann's Gull] | Larus heermanni | | NT |
| 47 | Bridled Tern | Onychoprion anaethetus | RR | |
| 48 | /Elegant Tern/ | Thalasseus elegans | | NT |
| 49 | [White-crowned Pigeon] | Patagioenas leucocephala | | NT |
| 50 | Inca Dove | Columbina inca | RR | |
| 51 | Plain-breasted Ground-Dove | Columbina minuta | LC | |
| 52 | Maroon-chested Ground-Dove | Claravis mondetoura | LC | |
| 53 | Chiriqui Quail-Dove | Geotrygon chiriquensis | NE | |
| 54 | Purplish-backed Quail-Dove | Geotrygon lawrencii | LC | |
| 55 | Buff-fronted Quail-Dove | Geotrygon costaricensis | NE | |
| 56 | Sulphur-winged Parakeet | Pyrrhura hoffmanni | NE | |
| 57 | Orange-fronted Parakeet | Aratinga canicularis | RR | |
| 58 | Brown-throated Parakeet^ | Aratinga pertinax | RR | |
| 59 | Great Green Macaw | Ara ambiguus | LC | EN |
| 60 | Scarlet Macaw | Ara macao | LC | |
| 61 | Red-fronted Parrotlet | Touit costaricensis | NE | V |
| 62 | White-fronted Parrot | Amazona albifrons | RR | |
| 63 | Yellow-naped Parrot | Amazona auropalliata | RR | |
| 64 | Lesser Ground-Cuckoo | Morococcyx erythropygus | RR | |
| 65 | Costa Rican Pygmy-Owl | Glaucidium costaricanum | NE | |
| 66 | Striped Owl | Pseudoscops clamator | LC | |
| 67 | Rufous Nightjar | Caprimulgus rufus | LC | |
| 68 | Dusky Nightjar | Caprimulgus saturatus | NE | |
| 69 | White-tailed Nightjar | Caprimulgus cayennensis | LC | |
| 70 | Common Potoo | Nyctibius griseus | RR | |
| 71 | Costa Rican Swift | Chaetura fumosa | NE | |
| 72 | Brown Violetear | Colibri delphinae | LC | |
| 73 | Green-breasted Mango | Anthracothorax prevostii | RR | |
| 74 | Veraguan Mango | Anthracothorax veraguensis | NE | |
| 75 | Black-crested Coquette | Lophornis helenae | RR | |
| 76 | <White-crested Coquette> | Lophornis adorabilis | NE | |
| 77 | Magnificent Hummingbird | Eugenes fulgens | RR | |
| 78 | Long-billed Starthroat | Heliomaster longirostris | RR | |
| 79 | Plain-capped Starthroat | Heliomaster constantii | RR | |
| 80 | Fiery-throated Hummingbird | Panterpe insignis | NE | |
| 81 | White-bellied Mountain-gem | Lampornis hemileucus | NE | |
| 82 | Purple-throated Mountain-gem | Lampornis calolaemus | NE | |
| 83 | Gray-tailed Mountain-gem** | Lampornis cinereicauda | E | |
| 84 | Magenta-throated Woodstar | Calliphlox bryantae | NE | |
| 85 | Volcano Hummingbird | Selasphorus flammula | NE | |
| 86 | Scintillant Hummingbird | Selasphorus scintilla | NE | |
| 87 | Garden Emerald | Chlorostilbon assimilis | NE | |
| 88 | Stripe-tailed Hummingbird | Eupherusa eximia | LC | |
| 89 | Black-bellied Hummingbird | Eupherusa nigriventris | NE | |
| 90 | White-tailed Emerald | Elvira chionura | NE | |
| 91 | Coppery-headed Emerald | Elvira cupreiceps | E | |
| 92 | Snowcap | Microchera albocoronata | NE | |
| 93 | Charming Hummingbird | Amazilia decora | NE | |
| 94 | Mangrove Hummingbird | Amazilia boucardi | E | EN |
| 95 | Snowy-bellied Hummingbird | Amazilia edward | NE | |
| 96 | Resplendent Quetzal | Pharomachrus mocinno | | NT |
| 97 | Lattice-tailed Trogon | Trogon clathratus | NE | |
| 98 | Baird's Trogon | Trogon bairdii | NE | NT |
| 99 | Elegant Trogon | Trogon elegans | RR | |
| 100 | Orange-bellied Trogon | Trogon aurantiiventris | NE | |
| 101 | Tody Motmot | Hylomanes momotula | LC | |
| 102 | Keel-billed Motmot | Electron carinatum | RR | V |
| 103 | Turquoise-browed Motmot | Eumomota superciliosa | RR | |
| 104 | Green-and-rufous Kingfisher | Chloroceryle inda | LC | |
| 105 | Pied Puffbird | Notharchus tectus | RR | |
| 106 | Great Jacamar^ | Jacamerops aureus | RR | |
| 107 | Prong-billed Barbet | Semnornis frantzii | NE | |
| 108 | Fiery-billed Aracari | Pteroglossus frantzii | NE | |
| 109 | Acorn Woodpecker^ | Melanerpes formicivorus | RR | |
| 110 | Golden-naped Woodpecker | Melanerpes chrysauchen | NE | |
| 111 | Red-crowned Woodpecker | Melanerpes rubricapillus | RR | |
| 112 | Hairy Woodpecker^ | Picoides villosus | RR | |
| 113 | Red-rumped Woodpecker | Veniliornis kirkii | RR | |
| 114 | Pale-breasted Spinetail^ | Synallaxis albescens | RR | |
| 115 | Ruddy Treerunner | Margarornis rubiginosus | NE | |
| 116 | Buffy Tuftedcheek | Pseudocolaptes lawrencii | RR | |
| 117 | Streak-breasted Treehunter | Thripadectes rufobrunneus | NE | |
| 118 | Ruddy Foliage-gleaner | Automolus rubiginosus | RR | |
| 119 | Tawny-winged Woodcreeper | Dendrocincla anabatina | RR | |
| 120 | Ivory-billed Woodcreeper^ | Xiphorhynchus flavigaster | RR | |
| 121 | Black-hooded Antshrike | Thamnophilus bridgesi | NE | |
| 122 | Streak-crowned Antvireo | Dysithamnus striaticeps | NE | |
| 123 | Spot-crowned Antvireo^ | Dysithamnus puncticeps | RR | |
| 124 | Rufous-rumped Antwren | Terenura callinota | LC | |
| 125 | Dull-mantled Antbird | Myrmeciza laemosticta | RR | |
| 126 | Black-headed Antthrush | Formicarius nigricapillus | RR | |
| 127 | Black-crowned Antpitta | Pittasoma michleri | LC | |
| 128 | Silvery-fronted Tapaculo | Scytalopus argentifrons | NE | |
| 129 | Northern Beardless-Tyrannulet^ | Camptostoma imberbe | RR | |
| 130 | Southern Beardless-Tyrannulet^ | Camptostoma obsoletum | RR | |
| 131 | Yellow-crowned Tyrannulet^ | Tyrannulus elatus | RR | |
| 132 | Lesser Elaenia^ | Elaenia chiriquensis | RR | |
| 133 | Sepia-capped Flycatcher^ | Leptopogon amaurocephalus | LC | |
| 134 | Rufous-browed Tyrannulet | Phylloscartes superciliaris | RR | |
| 135 | White-fronted Tyrannulet** | Phyllomyias zeledoni | NE | |
| 136 | Northern Scrub-Flycatcher | Sublegatus arenarum | LC | |
| 137 | Stub-tailed Spadebill | Platyrinchus cancrominus | RR | |
| 138 | Black-tailed Flycatcher^ | Myiobius atricaudus | RR | |
| 139 | Bran-colored Flycatcher^ | Myiophobus fasciatus | RR | |
| 140 | Tawny-chested Flycatcher | Aphanotriccus capitalis | NE | V |
| 141 | |Olive-sided Flycatcher| | Contopus cooperi | | NT |
| 142 | Dark Pewee | Contopus lugubris | NE | |
| 143 | Ochraceous Pewee | Contopus ochraceus | NE | |
| 144 | White-throated Flycatcher | Empidonax albigularis | LC | |
| 145 | Black-capped Flycatcher | Empidonax atriceps | NE | |
| 146 | Panama Flycatcher | Myiarchus panamensis | LC | |
| 147 | Nutting's Flycatcher^ | Myiarchus nuttingi | RR | |
| 148 | Brown-crested Flycatcher | Myiarchus tyrannulus | RR | |
| 149 | Golden-bellied Flycatcher | Myiodynastes hemichrysus | NE | |
| 150 | Fork-tailed Flycatcher^ | Tyrannus savana | LC | |
| 151 | Sharpbill^ | Oxyruncus cristatus | LC | |
| 152 | Bare-necked Umbrellabird | Cephalopterus glabricollis | NE | V |
| 153 | Lovely Cotinga | Cotinga amabilis | LC | |
| 154 | <Turquoise Cotinga> | Cotinga ridgwayi | NE | V |
| 155 | Three-wattled Bellbird | Procnias tricarunculatus | | V |
| 156 | <Yellow-billed Cotinga> | Carpodectes antoniae | NE | EN |
| 157 | Blue-crowned Manakin | Lepidothrix coronata | RR | |
| 158 | Orange-collared Manakin | Manacus aurantiacus | NE | |
| 159 | Lance-tailed Manakin | Chiroxiphia lanceolata | RR | |
| 160 | Gray-headed Piprites | Piprites griseiceps | LC | |
| 161 | Speckled Mourner | Laniocera rufescens | LC | |
| 162 | Barred Becard^ | Pachyramphus versicolor | RR | |
| 163 | Rose-throated Becard^ | Pachyramphus aglaiae | RR | |
| 164 | Mangrove Vireo | Vireo pallens | RR | |
| 165 | Yellow-winged Vireo | Vireo carmioli | NE | |
| 166 | Brown-capped Vireo | Vireo leucophrys | RR | |
| 167 | Scrub Greenlet | Hylophilus flavipes | RR | |
| 168 | Silvery-throated Jay | Cyanolyca argentigula | NE | |
| 169 | White-throated Magpie-Jay | Calocitta formosa | RR | |
| 170 | Black-chested Jay^ | Cyanocorax affinis | RR | |
| 171 | Rufous-naped Wren | Campylorhynchus rufinucha | RR | |
| 172 | Rock Wren^ | Salpinctes obsoletus | RR | |
| 173 | Black-bellied Wren | Pheugopedius fasciatoventris | RR | |
| 174 | Rufous-breasted Wren | Pheugopedius rutilus | RR | |
| 175 | Spot-breasted Wren | Pheugopedius maculipectus | RR | |
| 176 | Black-throated Wren | Pheugopedius atrogularis | NE | |
| 177 | Banded Wren | Thryophilus pleurostictus | RR | |
| 178 | Rufous-and-white Wren | Thryophilus rufalbus | RR | |
| 179 | Stripe-breasted Wren | Cantorchilus thoracicus | NE | |
| 180 | Riverside Wren | Cantorchilus semibadius | NE | |
| 181 | Ochraceous Wren | Troglodytes ochraceus | NE | |
| 182 | Timberline Wren | Thryorchilus browni | NE | |
| 183 | Nightingale Wren | Microcerculus philomela | LC | |
| 184 | Scaly-breasted Wren^ | Microcerculus marginatus | RR | |
| 185 | White-lored Gnatcatcher | Polioptila albiloris | RR | |
| 186 | Black-faced Solitaire | Myadestes melanops | NE | |
| 187 | Black-billed Nightingale-Thrush | Catharus gracilirostris | NE | |
| 188 | Slaty-backed Nightingale-Thrush | Catharus fuscater | RR | |
| 189 | Sooty Thrush | Turdus nigrescens | NE | |
| 190 | Black-and-yellow Silky-flycatcher | Phainoptila melanoxantha | NE | |
| 191 | Long-tailed Silky-flycatcher | Ptilogonys caudatus | NE | |
| 192 | /Golden-winged Warbler/ | Vermivora chrysoptera | | NT |
| 193 | Flame-throated Warbler | Oreothlypis gutturalis | NE | |
| 194 | Chiriqui Yellowthroat** | Geothlypis chiriquensis | NE | |
| 195 | Cerulean Warbler | Setophaga cerulea | | V |
| 196 | Black-cheeked Warbler | Basileuterus melanogenys | NE | |
| 197 | Collared Redstart | Myioborus torquatus | NE | |
| 198 | Wrenthrush | Zeledonia coronata | NE | |
| 199 | Black-and-yellow Tanager | Chrysothlypis chrysomelas | NE | |
| 200 | Rosy Thrush-Tanager^ | Rhodinocichla rosea | LC | |
| 201 | White-throated Shrike-Tanager | Lanio leucothorax | NE | |
| 202 | Sulphur-rumped Tanager | Heterospingus rubrifrons | NE | |
| 203 | Cherrie's Tanager | Ramphocelus costaricensis | NE | |
| 204 | Blue-and-gold Tanager | Bangsia arcaei | NE | NT |
| 205 | Plain-colored Tanager | Tangara inornata | RR | |
| 206 | Rufous-winged Tanager | Tangara lavinia | RR | |
| 207 | Spangle-cheeked Tanager | Tangara dowii | NE | |
| 208 | Streaked Saltator^ | Saltator striatipectus | RR | |
| 209 | Yellow-bellied Seedeater^ | Sporophila nigricollis | LC | |
| 210 | Ruddy-breasted Seedeater^ | Sporophila minuta | LC | |
| 211 | Nicaraguan Seed-Finch | Oryzoborus nuttingi | NE | |
| 212 | Slaty Finch | Haplospiza rustica | LC | |
| 213 | <Peg-billed Finch> | Acanthidops bairdii | NE | |
| 214 | Slaty Flowerpiercer | Diglossa plumbea | NE | |
| 215 | Wedge-tailed Grass-Finch^ | Emberizoides herbicola | LC | |
| 216 | Yellow-thighed Finch | Pselliophorus tibialis | NE | |
| 217 | Large-footed Finch | Pezopetes capitalis | NE | |
| 218 | Sooty-faced Finch | Arremon crassirostris | NE | |
| 219 | Costa Rican Brush-Finch | Arremon costaricensis | NE | |
| 220 | Olive Sparrow^ | Arremonops rufivirgatus | RR | |
| 221 | Rusty Sparrow | Aimophila rufescens | LC | |
| 222 | Prevost's Ground-Sparrow | Melozone biarcuata | RR | |
| 223 | Stripe-headed Sparrow | Peucaea ruficauda | RR | |
| 224 | Botteri's Sparrow^ | Peucaea botterii | LC | |
| 225 | Grasshopper Sparrow^ | Ammodramus savannarum | RR | |
| 226 | Volcano Junco | Junco vulcani | NE | |
| 227 | Sooty-capped Bush-Tanager | Chlorospingus pileatus | NE | |
| 228 | Ashy-throated Bush-Tanager^ | Chlorospingus canigularis | LC | |
| 229 | Flame-colored Tanager | Piranga bidentata | RR | |
| 230 | Black-cheeked Ant-Tanager | Habia atrimaxillaris | E | EN |
| 231 | Black-thighed Grosbeak | Pheucticus tibialis | NE | |
| 232 | Blue Seedeater | Amaurospiza concolor | LC | |
| 233 | /Painted Bunting/ | Passerina ciris | LC | NT |
| 234 | Red-breasted Blackbird | Sturnella militaris | RR | |
| 235 | Nicaraguan Grackle | Quiscalus nicaraguensis | NE | |
| 236 | Yellow-tailed Oriole^ | Icterus mesomelas | LC | |
| 237 | Streak-backed Oriole^ | Icterus pustulatus | RR | |
| 238 | Spot-breasted Oriole^ | Icterus pectoralis | LC | |
| 239 | Crested Oropendola^ | Psarocolius decumanus | RR | |
| 240 | Scrub Euphonia | Euphonia affinis | RR | |
| 241 | Yellow-crowned Euphonia | Euphonia luteicapilla | NE | |
| 242 | Thick-billed Euphonia^ | Euphonia laniirostris | RR | |
| 243 | Spot-crowned Euphonia | Euphonia imitans | NE | |
| 244 | Golden-browed Chlorophonia | Chlorophonia callophrys | NE | |
| 245 | Lesser Goldfinch^ | Spinus psaltria | LC | |
| 246 | <Yellow-bellied Siskin>^ | Spinus xanthogastrus | LC | |
* Nomenclature and taxonomic affinities are based on Clements 6th Edition published 2007 with updates through December 2011 maintained by the Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology, which relies largely on the AOU and SACC nomenclature committees.
** Species not accepted by Clements, AOU, or SACC that we recognize based on the IOC, field observations along with geographical separation, consensus opinions of field guide authors, and other sources. These species are potential splits in future Clements updates.
