PANAMA SPECIALTIES LIST
NEOTROPICS
PANAMA
| Area (SqMi): | 29,762 |
| # Species: | 957 |
| # Excl Vagrants: | 855 |
| # Endemics: | 9 |
| # Near Endemics: | 103 |
| Species/1000 SqMi: | 28.7 |
List of species that are endemic (E), near-endemic (NE), have restricted ranges in the country (RR), or occur only locally (LC) in the country excluding vagrants and accidentals. Table also shows species with globally threatened or endangered status according to the IUCN.*
| 1 | Highland Tinamou | Nothocercus bonapartei | RR | |
| 2 | Choco Tinamou | Crypturellus kerriae | NE | V |
| 3 | Comb Duck | Sarkidiornis sylvicola | LC | |
| 4 | <Masked Duck> | Nomonyx dominicus | LC | |
| 5 | Black Guan | Chamaepetes unicolor | NE | |
| 6 | Crested Guan | Penelope purpurascens | NT | |
| 7 | Great Curassow | Crax rubra | LC | V |
| 8 | Tawny-faced Quail | Rhynchortyx cinctus | LC | NT |
| 9 | Black-eared Wood-Quail | Odontophorus melanotis | LC | NT |
| 10 | Tacarcuna Wood-Quail | Odontophorus dialeucos | NE | |
| 11 | Black-breasted Wood-Quail | Odontophorus leucolaemus | NE | |
| 12 | Spotted Wood-Quail | Odontophorus guttatus | RR | |
| 13 | White-crowned Pigeon | Patagioenas leucocephala | NT | |
| 14 | Plumbeous Pigeon | Patagioenas plumbea | RR | |
| 15 | Maroon-chested Ground Dove | Paraclaravis mondetoura | LC | |
| 16 | Violaceous Quail-Dove | Geotrygon violacea | LC | |
| 17 | Gray-headed Dove | Leptotila plumbeiceps | RR | |
| 18 | Buff-fronted Quail-Dove | Zentrygon costaricensis | NE | |
| 19 | Purplish-backed Quail-Dove | Zentrygon lawrencii | NE | |
| 20 | Chiriqui Quail-Dove | Zentrygon chiriquensis | NE | |
| 21 | Russet-crowned Quail-Dove | Zentrygon goldmani | NE | NT |
| 22 | White-winged Dove | Zenaida asiatica | LC | |
| 23 | Mourning Dove | Zenaida macroura | RR | |
| 24 | Rufous-vented Ground-Cuckoo | Neomorphus geoffroyi | LC | V |
| 25 | Little Cuckoo | Coccycua minuta | RR | |
| 26 | Mangrove Cuckoo | Coccyzus minor | LC | |
| 27 | White-tailed Nightjar | Hydropsalis cayennensis | LC | |
| 28 | /Chuck-will's-widow/ | Antrostomus carolinensis | NT | |
| 29 | Dusky Nightjar | Antrostomus saturatus | NE | |
| 30 | Gray-rumped Swift | Chaetura cinereiventris | RR | |
| 31 | Costa Rican Swift | Chaetura fumosa | NE | |
| 32 | |Chimney Swift| | Chaetura pelagica | V | |
| 33 | \Sick's Swift\ | Chaetura meridionalis | RR | |
| 34 | Short-tailed Swift | Chaetura brachyura | RR | |
| 35 | Bronzy Hermit | Glaucis aeneus | RR | |
| 36 | Pale-bellied Hermit | Phaethornis anthophilus | RR | |
| 37 | Tooth-billed Hummingbird | Androdon aequatorialis | LC | |
| 38 | Green-breasted Mango | Anthracothorax prevostii | LC | |
| 39 | Veraguan Mango | Anthracothorax veraguensis | NE | |
| 40 | <White-crested Coquette> | Lophornis adorabilis | NE | |
| 41 | Greenish Puffleg | Haplophaedia aureliae | RR | |
| 42 | Talamanca Hummingbird | Eugenes spectabilis | NE | |
| 43 | Fiery-throated Hummingbird | Panterpe insignis | NE | |
| 44 | White-bellied Mountain-gem | Lampornis hemileucus | NE | |
| 45 | Purple-throated Mountain-gem | Lampornis calolaemus | NE | |
| 46 | White-throated Mountain-gem | Lampornis castaneoventris | E | |
| 47 | Magenta-throated Woodstar | Philodice bryantae | NE | |
| 48 | Volcano Hummingbird | Selasphorus flammula | NE | |
| 49 | Scintillant Hummingbird | Selasphorus scintilla | NE | |
| 50 | Glow-throated Hummingbird | Selasphorus ardens | E | EN |
| 51 | Garden Emerald | Chlorostilbon assimilis | NE | |
| 52 | Snowcap | Microchera albocoronata | LC | |
| 53 | White-tailed Emerald | Microchera chionura | NE | |
| 54 | Violet-capped Hummingbird | Goldmania violiceps | NE | NT |
| 55 | Pirre Hummingbird | Goldmania bella | NE | NT |
| 56 | Black-bellied Hummingbird | Eupherusa nigriventris | NE | |
| 57 | Snowy-bellied Hummingbird | Saucerottia edward | NE | |
| 58 | Charming Hummingbird | Polyerata decora | NE | |
| 59 | Rufous-necked Wood-Rail | Aramides axillaris | LC | |
| 60 | Yellow-breasted Crake | Laterallus flaviventer | LC | |
| 61 | Sungrebe | Heliornis fulica | LC | |
| 62 | Limpkin | Aramus guarauna | LC | |
| 63 | Northern Jacana | Jacana spinosa | RR | |
| 64 | Marbled Godwit | Limosa fedoa | LC | |
| 65 | /Red Knot/ | Calidris canutus | NT | |
| 66 | Surfbird | Calidris virgata | LC | |
| 67 | |Buff-breasted Sandpiper| | Calidris subruficollis | NT | |
| 68 | /Semipalmated Sandpiper/ | Calidris pusilla | NT | |
| 69 | Elegant Tern | Thalasseus elegans | NT | |
| 70 | Sooty Shearwater | Ardenna griseus | NT | |
| 71 | Guanay Cormorant | Leucocarbo bougainvilliorum | NT | |
| 72 | Roseate Spoonbill | Platalea ajaja | LC | |
| 73 | Fasciated Tiger-Heron | Tigrisoma fasciatum | LC | |
| 74 | Boat-billed Heron | Cochlearius cochlearius | LC | |
| 75 | Agami Heron | Agamia agami | V | |
| 76 | Least Bittern | Botaurus exilis | LC | |
| 77 | Capped Heron | Pilherodius pileatus | RR | |
| 78 | #Cocoi Heron# | Ardea cocoi | RR | |
| 79 | Lesser Yellow-headed Vulture | Cathartes burrovianus | RR | |
| 80 | Ornate Hawk-Eagle | Spizaetus ornatus | NT | |
| 81 | Crested Eagle | Morphnus guianensis | NT | |
| 82 | Harpy Eagle | Harpia harpyja | V | |
| 83 | Cooper's Hawk | Astur cooperii | RR | |
| 84 | Black-collared Hawk | Busarellus nigricollis | LC | |
| 85 | Snail Kite | Rostrhamus sociabilis | LC | |
| 86 | Plumbeous Hawk | Cryptoleucopteryx plumbea | NT | |
| 87 | White-tailed Hawk | Geranoaetus albicaudatus | LC | |
| 88 | Red-tailed Hawk | Buteo jamaicensis | RR | |
| 89 | Bare-shanked Screech-Owl | Megascops clarkii | RR | |
| 90 | Costa Rican Pygmy-Owl | Glaucidium costaricanum | NE | |
| 91 | Striped Owl | Asio clamator | LC | |
| 92 | Unspotted Saw-whet Owl | Aegolius ridgwayi | RR | |
| 93 | Golden-headed Quetzal | Pharomachrus auriceps | RR | |
| 94 | Resplendent Quetzal | Pharomachrus mocinno | RR | NT |
| 95 | Lattice-tailed Trogon | Trogon clathratus | NE | |
| 96 | Baird's Trogon | Trogon bairdii | NE | NT |
| 97 | Tody Motmot | Hylomanes momotula | LC | |
| 98 | Barred Puffbird | Nystalus radiatus | RR | |
| 99 | Gray-cheeked Nunlet | Nonnula frontalis | NE | |
| 100 | Dusky-backed Jacamar | Brachygalba salmoni | NE | |
| 101 | Spot-crowned Barbet | Capito maculicoronatus | NE | |
| 102 | Prong-billed Barbet | Semnornis frantzii | NE | |
| 103 | Fiery-billed Aracari | Pteroglossus frantzii | NE | |
| 104 | Yellow-throated Toucan | Ramphastos ambiguus | NT | |
| 105 | Keel-billed Toucan | Ramphastos sulfuratus | NT | |
| 106 | Choco Toucan | Ramphastos brevis | LC | |
| 107 | Acorn Woodpecker | Melanerpes formicivorus | RR | |
| 108 | Golden-naped Woodpecker | Melanerpes chrysauchen | NE | |
| 109 | Hairy Woodpecker | Leuconotopicus villosus | RR | |
| 110 | Pale-billed Woodpecker | Campephilus guatemalensis | RR | |
| 111 | Chestnut-colored Woodpecker | Celeus castaneus | RR | |
| 112 | Rufous-winged Woodpecker | Piculus simplex | RR | |
| 113 | Stripe-cheeked Woodpecker | Piculus callopterus | E | |
| 114 | Golden-green Woodpecker | Piculus chrysochloros | RR | |
| 115 | Spot-breasted Woodpecker | Colaptes punctigula | RR | |
| 116 | Aplomado Falcon | Falco femoralis | RR | |
| 117 | Red-fronted Parrotlet | Touit costaricensis | NE | NT |
| 118 | Blue-fronted Parrotlet | Touit dilectissimus | RR | |
| 119 | Saffron-headed Parrot | Pyrilia pyrilia | RR | NT |
| 120 | White-crowned Parrot | Pionus senilis | RR | |
| 121 | Spectacled Parrotlet | Forpus conspicillatus | LC | |
| 122 | Subandean Parakeet | Pyrrhura subandina | NE | |
| 123 | Sulphur-winged Parakeet | Pyrrhura hoffmanni | NE | |
| 124 | Brown-throated Parakeet | Eupsittula pertinax | RR | |
| 125 | Blue-and-yellow Macaw | Ara ararauna | RR | |
| 126 | Great Green Macaw | Ara ambiguus | LC | CR |
| 127 | Scarlet Macaw | Ara macao | LC | |
| 128 | Red-and-green Macaw | Ara chloropterus | RR | |
| 129 | Chestnut-fronted Macaw | Ara severus | RR | |
| 130 | Crimson-fronted Parakeet | Psittacara finschi | RR | |
| 131 | Black-hooded Antshrike | Thamnophilus bridgesi | NE | |
| 132 | Black Antshrike | Thamnophilus nigriceps | NE | |
| 133 | Spiny-faced Antshrike | Xenornis setifrons | NE | NT |
| 134 | Moustached Antwren | Myrmotherula ignota | RR | |
| 135 | Northern White-fringed Antwren | Formicivora intermedia | RR | |
| 136 | Jet Antbird | Cercomacra nigricans | LC | |
| 137 | White-bellied Antbird | Myrmeciza longipes | RR | |
| 138 | Dull-mantled Antbird | Sipia laemosticta | NE | |
| 139 | Wing-banded Antbird | Myrmornis torquata | LC | |
| 140 | Thicket Antpitta | Myrmothera dives | RR | |
| 141 | Ochre-breasted Antpitta | Grallaricula flavirostris | RR | NT |
| 142 | Silvery-fronted Tapaculo | Scytalopus argentifrons | NE | |
| 143 | Nari¤o Tapaculo | Scytalopus vicinior | RR | |
| 144 | Tacarcuna Tapaculo | Scytalopus panamensis | NE | NT |
| 145 | Black-headed Antthrush | Formicarius nigricapillus | NE | |
| 146 | Rufous-breasted Antthrush | Formicarius rufipectus | LC | |
| 147 | Gray-throated Leaftosser | Sclerurus albigularis | RR | NT |
| 148 | Tawny-winged Woodcreeper | Dendrocincla anabatina | RR | |
| 149 | Black-banded Woodcreeper | Dendrocolaptes picumnus | LC | |
| 150 | Strong-billed Woodcreeper | Xiphocolaptes promeropirhynchus | LC | |
| 151 | Spot-crowned Woodcreeper | Lepidocolaptes affinis | RR | |
| 152 | Streaked Xenops | Xenops rutilans | RR | |
| 153 | Buffy Tuftedcheek | Pseudocolaptes lawrencii | NE | |
| 154 | Sharp-tailed Streamcreeper | Lochmias nematura | RR | |
| 155 | Scaly-throated Foliage-gleaner | Anabacerthia variegaticeps | RR | |
| 156 | Buff-fronted Foliage-gleaner | Dendroma rufum | RR | |
| 157 | Ruddy Foliage-gleaner | Clibanornis rubiginosus | LC | |
| 158 | Streak-breasted Treehunter | Thripadectes rufobrunneus | NE | |
| 159 | Chiriqui Foliage-gleaner | Automolus exsertus | NE | |
| 160 | Beautiful Treerunner | Margarornis bellulus | E | NT |
| 161 | Ruddy Treerunner | Margarornis rubiginosus | NE | |
| 162 | Double-banded Graytail | Xenerpestes minlosi | RR | |
| 163 | Coiba Spinetail | Cranioleuca dissita | E | |
| 164 | Slaty Spinetail | Synallaxis brachyura | LC | |
| 165 | Choco Manakin | Cryptopipo litae | RR | |
| 166 | Velvety Manakin | Lepidothrix velutina | RR | |
| 167 | White-collared Manakin | Manacus candei | RR | |
| 168 | Orange-collared Manakin | Manacus aurantiacus | NE | |
| 169 | Golden-collared Manakin | Manacus vitellinus | NE | |
| 170 | Bare-necked Umbrellabird | Cephalopterus glabricollis | NE | EN |
| 171 | Turquoise Cotinga | Cotinga ridgwayi | NE | V |
| 172 | Three-wattled Bellbird | Procnias tricarunculatus | RR | V |
| 173 | Black-tipped Cotinga | Carpodectes hopkei | LC | |
| 174 | Yellow-billed Cotinga | Carpodectes antoniae | NE | NT |
| 175 | Snowy Cotinga | Carpodectes nitidus | RR | |
| 176 | Barred Becard | Pachyramphus versicolor | RR | |
| 177 | Cinereous Becard | Pachyramphus rufus | RR | |
| 178 | Black-and-white Becard | Pachyramphus albogriseus | RR | |
| 179 | One-colored Becard | Pachyramphus homochrous | RR | |
| 180 | Sharpbill | Oxyruncus cristatus | LC | |
| 181 | Tropical Royal-Flycatcher | Onychorhynchus coronatus | E | |
| 182 | Stub-tailed Spadebill | Platyrinchus cancrominus | RR | |
| 183 | Olive-streaked Flycatcher | Mionectes olivaceus | NE | |
| 184 | Sepia-capped Flycatcher | Leptopogon amaurocephalus | LC | |
| 185 | Yellow-green Tyrannulet | Phylloscartes flavovirens | E | |
| 186 | Bronze-olive Pygmy-Tyrant | Pseudotriccus pelzelni | RR | |
| 187 | Northern Bentbill | Oncostoma cinereigulare | RR | |
| 188 | Southern Bentbill | Oncostoma olivaceum | NE | |
| 189 | Western Olivaceous Flatbill | Rhynchocyclus aequinoctialis | RR | |
| 190 | Ochre-lored Flatbill | Tolmomyias flaviventris | RR | |
| 191 | Sooty-headed Tyrannulet | Phyllomyias griseiceps | RR | |
| 192 | Black-billed Flycatcher | Aphanotriccus audax | NE | NT |
| 193 | |Olive-sided Flycatcher| | Contopus cooperi | NT | |
| 194 | Ochraceous Pewee | Contopus ochraceus | NE | |
| 195 | Dark Pewee | Contopus lugubris | NE | |
| 196 | Black-capped Flycatcher | Empidonax atriceps | NE | |
| 197 | Pied Water-Tyrant | Fluvicola pica | RR | |
| 198 | Choco Sirystes | Sirystes albogriseus | RR | |
| 199 | Yellow-browed Shrike-Vireo | Vireolanius eximius | RR | |
| 200 | Golden-fronted Greenlet | Pachysilvia aurantiifrons | RR | |
| 201 | Yellow-winged Vireo | Vireo carmioli | NE | |
| 202 | Silvery-throated Jay | Cyanolyca argentigula | NE | |
| 203 | Brown Jay | Cyanocorax morio | RR | |
| 204 | Black-capped Donacobius | Donacobius atricapilla | RR | |
| 205 | Slate-throated Gnatcatcher | Polioptila schistaceigula | LC | |
| 206 | Ochraceous Wren | Troglodytes ochraceus | NE | |
| 207 | Timberline Wren | Thryorchilus browni | NE | |
| 208 | White-headed Wren | Campylorhynchus albobrunneus | NE | |
| 209 | Band-backed Wren | Campylorhynchus zonatus | RR | |
| 210 | Sooty-headed Wren | Pheugopedius spadix | NE | |
| 211 | Black-throated Wren | Pheugopedius atrogularis | RR | |
| 212 | Stripe-throated Wren | Cantorchilus leucopogon | RR | |
| 213 | Isthmian Wren | Cantorchilus elutus | NE | |
| 214 | Riverside Wren | Cantorchilus semibadius | NE | |
| 215 | Buff-breasted Wren | Cantorchilus leucotis | RR | |
| 216 | Black-faced Solitaire | Myadestes melanops | NE | |
| 217 | Varied Solitaire | Myadestes coloratus | NE | NT |
| 218 | Black-billed Nightingale-Thrush | Catharus gracilirostris | NE | |
| 219 | Ruddy-capped Nightingale-Thrush | Catharus frantzii | RR | |
| 220 | Sooty Thrush | Turdus nigrescens | NE | |
| 221 | Mountain Thrush | Turdus plebejus | RR | |
| 222 | Black-and-yellow Silky-flycatcher | Phainoptila melanoxantha | NE | |
| 223 | Long-tailed Silky-flycatcher | Ptiliogonys caudatus | NE | |
| 224 | Golden-browed Chlorophonia | Chlorophonia callophrys | NE | |
| 225 | Spot-crowned Euphonia | Euphonia imitans | NE | |
| 226 | Olive-backed Euphonia | Euphonia gouldi | RR | |
| 227 | Orange-bellied Euphonia | Euphonia xanthogaster | RR | |
| 228 | <Yellow-bellied Siskin> | Spinus xanthogastrus | RR | |
| 229 | Yellow-throated Chlorospingus | Chlorospingus flavigularis | RR | |
| 230 | Sooty-capped Chlorospingus | Chlorospingus pileatus | NE | |
| 231 | Tacarcuna Chlorospingus | Chlorospingus tacarcunae | NE | |
| 232 | Pirre Chlorospingus | Chlorospingus inornatus | NE | |
| 233 | Grasshopper Sparrow | Ammodramus savannarum | LC | |
| 234 | Costa Rican Brushfinch | Arremon costaricensis | NE | |
| 235 | Black-headed Brushfinch | Arremon atricapillus | NE | |
| 236 | Sooty-faced Finch | Arremon crassirostris | NE | |
| 237 | Volcano Junco | Junco vulcani | NE | |
| 238 | Large-footed Finch | Pezopetes capitalis | NE | |
| 239 | Yellow-thighed Brushfinch | Atlapetes tibialis | NE | |
| 240 | Yellow-green Finch | Atlapetes luteoviridis | E | V |
| 241 | Eastern Meadowlark | Sturnella magna | NT | |
| 242 | Black Oropendola | Psarocolius guatimozinus | NE | |
| 243 | Black-cowled Oriole | Icterus prosthemelas | RR | |
| 244 | Orange-crowned Oriole | Icterus auricapillus | RR | |
| 245 | Melodious Blackbird | Dives dives | RR | |
| 246 | /Golden-winged Warbler/ | Vermivora chrysoptera | NT | |
| 247 | Flame-throated Warbler | Oreothlypis gutturalis | NE | |
| 248 | Gray-crowned Yellowthroat | Geothlypis poliocephala | LC | |
| 249 | Olive-crowned Yellowthroat | Geothlypis semiflava | NE | |
| 250 | |Cerulean Warbler| | Setophaga cerulea | NT | |
| 251 | Black-cheeked Warbler | Basileuterus melanogenys | NE | |
| 252 | Pirre Warbler | Basileuterus ignotus | NE | V |
| 253 | Golden-crowned Warbler | Basileuterus culicivorus | RR | |
| 254 | Costa Rican Warbler | Basileuterus melanotis | NE | |
| 255 | Tacarcuna Warbler | Basileuterus tacarcunae | NE | |
| 256 | Collared Redstart | Myioborus torquatus | NE | |
| 257 | Wrenthrush | Zeledonia coronata | NE | |
| 258 | Hepatic Tanager | Piranga flava | LC | |
| 259 | Flame-colored Tanager | Piranga bidentata | RR | |
| 260 | Lemon-spectacled Tanager | Chlorothraupis olivacea | RR | |
| 261 | Yellow-green Grosbeak | Caryothraustes canadensis | RR | |
| 262 | Black-thighed Grosbeak | Pheucticus tibialis | NE | |
| 263 | Blue Seedeater | Amaurospiza concolor | LC | |
| 264 | /Painted Bunting/ | Passerina ciris | LC | |
| 265 | White-throated Shrike-Tanager | Lanio leucothorax | NT | |
| 266 | Blue-and-gold Tanager | Bangsia arcaei | NE | NT |
| 267 | Gray-and-gold Tanager | Poecilostreptus palmeri | RR | |
| 268 | Spangle-cheeked Tanager | Tangara dowii | NE | |
| 269 | Green-naped Tanager | Tangara fucosa | NE | |
| 270 | Rufous-winged Tanager | Tangara lavinia | RR | |
| 271 | Swallow Tanager | Tersina viridis | RR | |
| 272 | Viridian Dacnis | Dacnis viguieri | NE | |
| 273 | Purple Honeycreeper | Cyanerpes caeruleus | RR | |
| 274 | Sulphur-rumped Tanager | Heterospingus rubrifrons | NE | |
| 275 | Scarlet-browed Tanager | Heterospingus xanthopygius | RR | |
| 276 | Yellow-backed Tanager | Hemithraupis flavicollis | RR | |
| 277 | Black-and-yellow Tanager | Chrysothlypis chrysomelas | NE | |
| 278 | White-eared Conebill | Conirostrum leucogenys | RR | |
| 279 | Slaty Flowerpiercer | Diglossa plumbea | NE | |
| 280 | Slaty Finch | Haplospiza rustica | LC | |
| 281 | <Peg-billed Finch> | Acanthidops bairdi | NE | |
| 282 | Saffron Finch | Sicalis flaveola | LC | |
| 283 | Grassland Yellow-Finch | Sicalis luteola | RR | |
| 284 | Wedge-tailed Grass-Finch | Emberizoides herbicola | LC | |
| 285 | Nicaraguan Seed-Finch | Sporophila nuttingi | RR | |
| 286 | Morelet's Seedeater | Sporophila morelleti | RR | |
| 287 | Cinnamon-bellied Saltator | Saltator grandis | RR |
*Nomenclature and taxonomic affinities are based on Clements 6th Edition published 2007 with updates through 2021 maintained by the Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology, which relies largely on the AOU and SACC nomenclature committees. IUCN status may reflect splits not currently recognized by Clements.
**Species not accepted by Clements, AOU, or SACC that we recognize based on the IOC, field observations along with geographical separation, consensus opinions of field guide authors, and other sources. These species are potential splits in future Clements updates.
OTHER COUNTRIES IN THE NEOTROPICS
BIRDING LOCALES
DISTRIBUTION CODES
| Code | Description | ## |
| E | Endemic | 9 |
| LC | Local | 54 |
| NE | Near Endemic | 103 |
| RR | Restricted Range | 104 |
STATUS CODES
| Code | Description | ## |
| NT | Near Threatened | 20 |
| V | Vulnerable | 7 |
| EN | Endangered | 3 |
| CR | Critically Endangered | 1 |
Species counts in code tables depend on completeness of the data. For some countries or locales, data may not include all species or information on species presence may be incomplete.
Photos for Country
