↑PANAMA
PANAMA↑

TARGETS
SPECIALTIES

LAGUNAS DE VOLCAN

PANAMA
LOCALE

Altitude (m):1240
# Species:412
# Excl Vagrants:412
# Endemics:1
# Near Endemics:54
Habitat: Foothill forest patches, lagoons with marsh

BIRD CHECKLIST

The table below lists species recorded at this locale but does not indicate frequency of occurrence there. It does indicate whether each species is globally threatened or endangered according to the IUCN and also whether it is migratory, very rare, or accidental in the country. The list is based on available data and may be incomplete.*

color codes

 
Tinamous: Tinamidae

1Great TinamouTinamus major
2Little TinamouCrypturellus soui

 
Ducks: Anatidae

3Black-bellied Whistling-DuckDendrocygna autumnalis
4Muscovy DuckCairina moschata
5/Blue-winged Teal/Spatula discors
6/Ring-necked Duck/Aythya collaris
7/Lesser Scaup/Aythya affinis
8&Masked DucklNomonyx dominicus

 
Guans, Chachalacas, and Curassows: Cracidae

9Black GuanChamaepetes unicolor
10Crested GuanPenelope purpurascens
11Gray-headed ChachalacaOrtalis cinereiceps

 
New World Quail: Odontophoridae

12Black-breasted Wood-QuailOdontophorus leucolaemus
13Spotted Wood-QuailOdontophorus guttatus

 
Pigeons and Doves: Columbidae

14Rock PigeonColumba livia
15Pale-vented PigeonPatagioenas cayennensis
16Scaled PigeonPatagioenas speciosa
17Band-tailed PigeonPatagioenas fasciata
18Ruddy PigeonPatagioenas subvinacea
19Short-billed PigeonPatagioenas nigrirostris
20Ruddy Ground DoveColumbina talpacoti
21Blue Ground DoveClaravis pretiosa
22Ruddy Quail-DoveGeotrygon montana
23White-tipped DoveLeptotila verreauxi
24Gray-chested DoveLeptotila cassinii
25Buff-fronted Quail-DoveZentrygon costaricensis
26Mourning DoveZenaida macroura

 
Cuckoos: Cuculidae

27Smooth-billed AniCrotophaga ani
28Striped CuckooTapera naevia
29Common Squirrel-CuckooPiaya cayana
30|Yellow-billed Cuckoo|Coccyzus americanus

 
Nightjars and Allies: Caprimulgidae

31(Common Nighthawk)Chordeiles minor
32Common PauraqueNyctidromus albicollis
33/Chuck-will's-widow/Antrostomus carolinensis
34Dusky NightjarAntrostomus saturatus

 
Potoos: Nyctibiidae

35Great PotooNyctibius grandis

 
Swifts: Apodidae

36Spot-fronted SwiftCypseloides cherriei
37Chestnut-collared SwiftStreptoprocne rutila
38White-collared SwiftStreptoprocne zonaris
39Vaux's SwiftChaetura vauxi
40Lesser Swallow-tailed SwiftPanyptila cayennensis

 
Hummingbirds: Trochilidae

41White-necked JacobinFlorisuga mellivora
42Bronzy HermitGlaucis aeneus
43Green HermitPhaethornis guy
44Long-billed HermitPhaethornis longirostris
45Stripe-throated HermitPhaethornis striigularis
46Brown VioletearColibri delphinae
47Lesser VioletearColibri cyanotus
48Purple-crowned FairyHeliothryx barroti
49&White-crested CoquettelLophornis adorabilis
50Green-crowned BrilliantHeliodoxa jacula
51Talamanca HummingbirdEugenes spectabilis
52Long-billed StarthroatHeliomaster longirostris
53White-bellied Mountain-gemLampornis hemileucus
54White-throated Mountain-gemLampornis castaneoventris
55Magenta-throated WoodstarPhilodice bryantae
56Volcano HummingbirdSelasphorus flammula
57Scintillant HummingbirdSelasphorus scintilla
58Garden EmeraldChlorostilbon assimilis
59Violet-headed HummingbirdKlais guimeti
60Violet SabrewingCampylopterus hemileucurus
61Crowned WoodnymphThalurania colombica
62SnowcapMicrochera albocoronata
63White-tailed EmeraldMicrochera chionura
64Stripe-tailed HummingbirdEupherusa eximia
65Black-bellied HummingbirdEupherusa nigriventris
66Snowy-bellied HummingbirdSaucerottia edward
67Rufous-tailed HummingbirdAmazilia tzacatl

 
Rails, Gallinules, and Coots: Rallidae

68Gray-cowled Wood-RailAramides cajaneus
69/Sora/Porzana carolina
70Common GallinuleGallinula galeata
71/American Coot/Fulica americana
72Purple GallinulePorphyrio martinica
73White-throated CrakeLaterallus albigularis
74Gray-breasted CrakeLaterallus exilis

 
Plovers and Lapwings: Charadriidae

75/Killdeer/Charadrius vociferus
76Southern LapwingVanellus chilensis

 
Jacanas: Jacanidae

77Northern JacanaJacana spinosa
78Wattled JacanaJacana jacana

 
Sandpipers and Allies: Scolopacidae

79/Wilson's Snipe/Gallinago delicata
80/Spotted Sandpiper/Actitis macularius
81/Solitary Sandpiper/Tringa solitaria
82/Lesser Yellowlegs/Tringa flavipes
83/Greater Yellowlegs/Tringa melanoleuca

 
Grebes: Podicipedidae

84Least GrebeTachybaptus dominicus
85Pied-billed GrebePodilymbus podiceps

 
Sunbittern: Eurypygidae

86SunbitternEurypyga helias

 
Frigatebirds: Fregatidae

87Magnificent FrigatebirdFregata magnificens

 
Anhingas: Anhingidae

88AnhingaAnhinga anhinga

 
Cormorants and Shags: Phalacrocoracidae

89Neotropic CormorantNannopterum brasilianus

 
Herons, Egrets, and Bitterns: Ardeidae

90Little Blue HeronEgretta caerulea
91Tricolored HeronEgretta tricolor
92Snowy EgretEgretta thula
93Green HeronButorides virescens
94Western Cattle-EgretBubulcus ibis
95Great EgretArdea alba
96/Great Blue Heron/Ardea herodias

 
Pelicans: Pelecanidae

97Brown PelicanPelecanus occidentalis

 
New World Vultures: Cathartidae

98Black VultureCoragyps atratus
99Turkey VultureCathartes aura

 
Osprey: Pandionidae

100/Osprey/Pandion haliaetus

 
Hawks, Eagles, and Kites: Accipitridae

101Pearl KiteGampsonyx swainsonii
102White-tailed KiteElanus leucurus
103Swallow-tailed KiteElanoides forficatus
104Black Hawk-EagleSpizaetus tyrannus
105Ornate Hawk-EagleSpizaetus ornatus
106/Sharp-shinned Hawk/Accipiter striatus
107Bicolored HawkAstur bicolor
108Double-toothed KiteHarpagus bidentatus
109|Mississippi Kite|Ictinia mississippiensis
110Crane HawkGeranospiza caerulescens
111Barred HawkMorphnarchus princeps
112Great Black HawkButeogallus urubitinga
113Roadside HawkRupornis magnirostris
114White-tailed HawkGeranoaetus albicaudatus
115Gray-lined HawkButeo nitidus
116/Broad-winged Hawk/Buteo platypterus
117Short-tailed HawkButeo brachyurus
118|Swainson's Hawk|Buteo swainsoni
119Zone-tailed HawkButeo albonotatus
120Red-tailed HawkButeo jamaicensis

 
Barn-Owls: Tytonidae

121Western Barn OwlTyto alba

 
Owls: Strigidae

122Tropical Screech-OwlMegascops choliba
123Costa Rican Pygmy-OwlGlaucidium costaricanum
124Mottled OwlStrix virgata
125Striped OwlAsio clamator

 
Trogons: Trogonidae

126Graceful Black-throated TrogonTrogon tenellus
127Collared TrogonTrogon collaris

 
Motmots: Momotidae

128Lesson's MotmotMomotus lessonii

 
Kingfishers: Alcedinidae

129Ringed KingfisherMegaceryle torquata
130/Belted Kingfisher/Megaceryle alcyon
131Amazon KingfisherChloroceryle amazona
132Green KingfisherChloroceryle americana

 
Jacamars: Galbulidae

133Rufous-tailed JacamarGalbula ruficauda

 
New World Barbets: Capitonidae

134Red-headed BarbetEubucco bourcierii

 
Toucan-Barbets: Semnornithidae

135Prong-billed BarbetSemnornis frantzii

 
Toucans: Ramphastidae

136Northern Emerald-ToucanetAulacorhynchus prasinus
137Fiery-billed AracariPteroglossus frantzii
138Yellow-throated ToucanRamphastos ambiguus

 
Woodpeckers: Picidae

139Olivaceous PiculetPicumnus olivaceus
140/Yellow-bellied Sapsucker/Sphyrapicus varius
141Acorn WoodpeckerMelanerpes formicivorus
142Red-crowned WoodpeckerMelanerpes rubricapillus
143Hairy WoodpeckerLeuconotopicus villosus
144Smoky-brown WoodpeckerLeuconotopicus fumigatus
145Red-rumped WoodpeckerVeniliornis kirkii
146Pale-billed WoodpeckerCampephilus guatemalensis
147Lineated WoodpeckerDryocopus lineatus
148Golden-olive WoodpeckerColaptes rubiginosus

 
Falcons and Caracaras: Falconidae

149Laughing FalconHerpetotheres cachinnans
150Collared Forest-FalconMicrastur semitorquatus
151Barred Forest-FalconMicrastur ruficollis
152Crested CaracaraCaracara cheriway
153Yellow-headed CaracaraDaptrius chimachima
154/American Kestrel/Falco sparverius
155MerlinFalco columbarius
156Bat FalconFalco rufigularis
157/Peregrine Falcon/Falco peregrinus

 
Parrots: Psittacidae

158Red-fronted ParrotletTouit costaricensis
159Orange-chinned ParakeetBrotogeris jugularis
160Brown-hooded ParrotPyrilia haematotis
161Blue-headed ParrotPionus menstruus
162White-crowned ParrotPionus senilis
163Red-lored AmazonAmazona autumnalis
164Sulphur-winged ParakeetPyrrhura hoffmanni
165Brown-throated ParakeetEupsittula pertinax
166Crimson-fronted ParakeetPsittacara finschi

 
Typical Antbirds: Thamnophilidae

167Great AntshrikeTaraba major
168Barred AntshrikeThamnophilus doliatus
169Black-hooded AntshrikeThamnophilus bridgesi
170Plain AntvireoDysithamnus mentalis
171Slaty AntwrenMyrmotherula schisticolor
172Dusky AntbirdCercomacroides tyrannina

 
Tapaculos: Rhinocryptidae

173Silvery-fronted TapaculoScytalopus argentifrons

 
Antthrushes: Formicariidae

174Black-faced AntthrushFormicarius analis

 
Ovenbirds and Woodcreepers: Furnariidae

175Middle American LeaftosserSclerurus mexicanus
176Olivaceous WoodcreeperSittasomus griseicapillus
177Ruddy WoodcreeperDendrocincla homochroa
178Tawny-winged WoodcreeperDendrocincla anabatina
179Wedge-billed WoodcreeperGlyphorynchus spirurus
180Black-banded WoodcreeperDendrocolaptes picumnus
181Strong-billed WoodcreeperXiphocolaptes promeropirhynchus
182Spotted WoodcreeperXiphorhynchus erythropygius
183Brown-billed ScythebillCampylorhamphus pusillus
184Streak-headed WoodcreeperLepidocolaptes souleyetii
185Spot-crowned WoodcreeperLepidocolaptes affinis
186Northern Plain-XenopsXenops mexicanus
187Streaked XenopsXenops rutilans
188Buffy TuftedcheekPseudocolaptes lawrencii
189Scaly-throated Foliage-gleanerAnabacerthia variegaticeps
190Lineated Foliage-gleanerSyndactyla subalaris
191Buff-fronted Foliage-gleanerDendroma rufum
192Ruddy Foliage-gleanerClibanornis rubiginosus
193Streak-breasted TreehunterThripadectes rufobrunneus
194Chiriqui Foliage-gleanerAutomolus exsertus
195Spotted BarbtailPremnoplex brunnescens
196Ruddy TreerunnerMargarornis rubiginosus
197Red-faced SpinetailCranioleuca erythrops
198Pale-breasted SpinetailSynallaxis albescens
199Slaty SpinetailSynallaxis brachyura

 
Manakins: Pipridae

200Lance-tailed ManakinChiroxiphia lanceolata
201White-ruffed ManakinCorapipo altera
202Orange-collared ManakinManacus aurantiacus

 
Cotingas: Cotingidae

203Turquoise CotingaCotinga ridgwayi
204Three-wattled BellbirdProcnias tricarunculatus

 
Tityras and Allies: Tityridae

205Masked TityraTityra semifasciata
206Northern SchiffornisSchiffornis veraepacis
207Barred BecardPachyramphus versicolor
208White-winged BecardPachyramphus polychopterus
209Black-and-white BecardPachyramphus albogriseus
210Rose-throated BecardPachyramphus aglaiae

 
Tyrant Flycatchers: Tyrannidae

211White-throated SpadebillPlatyrinchus mystaceus
212Olive-streaked FlycatcherMionectes olivaceus
213Ochre-bellied FlycatcherMionectes oleagineus
214Slaty-capped FlycatcherLeptopogon superciliaris
215Scale-crested Pygmy-TyrantLophotriccus pileatus
216Northern BentbillOncostoma cinereigulare
217Slate-headed Tody-FlycatcherPoecilotriccus sylvia
218Common Tody-FlycatcherTodirostrum cinereum
219Eye-ringed FlatbillRhynchocyclus brevirostris
220Yellow-olive FlatbillTolmomyias sulphurescens
221Yellow-winged FlatbillTolmomyias flavotectus
222Southern Beardless-TyrannuletCamptostoma obsoletum
223Yellow TyrannuletCapsiempis flaveola
224Yellow-crowned TyrannuletTyrannulus elatus
225Greenish ElaeniaMyiopagis viridicata
226Yellow-bellied ElaeniaElaenia flavogaster
227Lesser ElaeniaElaenia chiriquensis
228Mountain ElaeniaElaenia frantzii
229Torrent TyrannuletSerpophaga cinerea
230Mistletoe TyrannuletZimmerius parvus
231Bran-colored FlycatcherMyiophobus fasciatus
232|Olive-sided Flycatcher|Contopus cooperi
233Dark PeweeContopus lugubris
234|Western Wood-Pewee|Contopus sordidulus
235Northern Tropical PeweeContopus bogotensis
236|Eastern Wood-Pewee|Contopus virens
237/Yellow-bellied Flycatcher/Empidonax flaviventris
238/Acadian Flycatcher/Empidonax virescens
239|Alder Flycatcher|Empidonax alnorum
240|Willow Flycatcher|Empidonax traillii
241White-throated FlycatcherEmpidonax albigularis
242Yellowish FlycatcherEmpidonax flavescens
243Black-capped FlycatcherEmpidonax atriceps
244Black PhoebeSayornis nigricans
245Bright-rumped AttilaAttila spadiceus
246Dusky-capped FlycatcherMyiarchus tuberculifer
247Panama FlycatcherMyiarchus panamensis
248/Great Crested Flycatcher/Myiarchus crinitus
249Great KiskadeePitangus sulphuratus
250Boat-billed FlycatcherMegarynchus pitangua
251Social FlycatcherMyiozetetes similis
252Gray-capped FlycatcherMyiozetetes granadensis
253Streaked FlycatcherMyiodynastes maculatus
254|Sulphur-bellied Flycatcher|Myiodynastes luteiventris
255(Piratic Flycatcher)Legatus leucophaius
256Tropical KingbirdTyrannus melancholicus
257Fork-tailed FlycatcherTyrannus savana

 
Vireos, Shrike-Babblers, and Erpornis: Vireonidae

258Rufous-browed PeppershrikeCyclarhis gujanensis
259Green Shrike-VireoVireolanius pulchellus
260Ochre-crowned GreenletTunchironis ochraceiceps
261Lesser GreenletPachysilvia decurtata
262/Yellow-throated Vireo/Vireo flavifrons
263Yellow-winged VireoVireo carmioli
264Brown-capped VireoVireo leucophrys
265/Philadelphia Vireo/Vireo philadelphicus
266|Red-eyed Vireo|Vireo olivaceus
267Yellow-green VireoVireo flavoviridis

 
Crows, Jays, and Magpies: Corvidae

268Silvery-throated JayCyanolyca argentigula
269Black-chested JayCyanocorax affinis

 
Swallows: Hirundinidae

270/Bank Swallow/Riparia riparia
271Violet-green SwallowTachycineta thalassina
272Gray-breasted MartinProgne chalybea
273/Northern Rough-winged Swallow/Stelgidopteryx serripennis
274Southern Rough-winged SwallowStelgidopteryx ruficollis
275Blue-and-white SwallowPygochelidon cyanoleuca
276/Barn Swallow/Hirundo rustica
277|Cliff Swallow|Petrochelidon pyrrhonota

 
Gnatcatchers: Polioptilidae

278Long-billed GnatwrenRamphocaenus melanurus
279White-browed GnatcatcherPolioptila bilineata

 
Wrens: Troglodytidae

280Scaly-breasted WrenMicrocerculus marginatus
281Southern House WrenTroglodytes musculus
282Ochraceous WrenTroglodytes ochraceus
283Rufous-breasted WrenPheugopedius rutilus
284Isthmian WrenCantorchilus elutus
285Riverside WrenCantorchilus semibadius
286White-breasted Wood-WrenHenicorhina leucosticta
287Gray-breasted Wood-WrenHenicorhina leucophrys

 
Mockingbirds and Thrashers: Mimidae

288/Gray Catbird/Dumetella carolinensis
289Tropical MockingbirdMimus gilvus

 
Thrushes and Allies: Turdidae

290Black-faced SolitaireMyadestes melanops
291Black-billed Nightingale-ThrushCatharus gracilirostris
292Orange-billed Nightingale-ThrushCatharus aurantiirostris
293Slaty-backed Nightingale-ThrushCatharus fuscater
294Ruddy-capped Nightingale-ThrushCatharus frantzii
295|Gray-cheeked Thrush|Catharus minimus
296/Swainson's Thrush/Catharus ustulatus
297Mountain ThrushTurdus plebejus
298Pale-vented ThrushTurdus obsoletus
299White-throated ThrushTurdus assimilis
300Clay-colored ThrushTurdus grayi

 
Waxwings: Bombycillidae

301/Cedar Waxwing/Bombycilla cedrorum

 
Silky-flycatchers: Ptiliogonatidae

302Black-and-yellow Silky-flycatcherPhainoptila melanoxantha
303Long-tailed Silky-flycatcherPtiliogonys caudatus

 
Finches, Euphonias, and Allies: Fringillidae

304Elegant EuphoniaChlorophonia elegantissima
305Golden-browed ChlorophoniaChlorophonia callophrys
306Yellow-crowned EuphoniaEuphonia luteicapilla
307Yellow-throated EuphoniaEuphonia hirundinacea
308Thick-billed EuphoniaEuphonia laniirostris
309Spot-crowned EuphoniaEuphonia imitans
310Tawny-capped EuphoniaEuphonia anneae
311&Lesser GoldfinchlSpinus psaltria
312&Yellow-bellied SiskinlSpinus xanthogastrus

 
New World Sparrows: Passerellidae

313Sooty-capped ChlorospingusChlorospingus pileatus
314Common ChlorospingusChlorospingus flavopectus
315Black-striped SparrowArremonops conirostris
316Costa Rican BrushfinchArremon costaricensis
317Orange-billed SparrowArremon aurantiirostris
318Chestnut-capped BrushfinchArremon brunneinucha
319Rufous-collared SparrowZonotrichia capensis
320Large-footed FinchPezopetes capitalis
321White-naped BrushfinchAtlapetes albinucha
322Yellow-thighed BrushfinchAtlapetes tibialis

 
Troupials and Allies: Icteridae

323|Bobolink|Dolichonyx oryzivorus
324Eastern MeadowlarkSturnella magna
325Yellow-billed CaciqueAmblycercus holosericeus
326Crested OropendolaPsarocolius decumanus
327Chestnut-headed OropendolaPsarocolius wagleri
328/Baltimore Oriole/Icterus galbula
329Bronzed CowbirdMolothrus aeneus
330Melodious BlackbirdDives dives
331Great-tailed GrackleQuiscalus mexicanus

 
New World Warblers: Parulidae

332/Ovenbird/Seiurus aurocapilla
333/Worm-eating Warbler/Helmitheros vermivorum
334/Louisiana Waterthrush/Parkesia motacilla
335/Northern Waterthrush/Parkesia noveboracensis
336/Golden-winged Warbler/Vermivora chrysoptera
337/Blue-winged Warbler/Vermivora cyanoptera
338/Black-and-white Warbler/Mniotilta varia
339/Prothonotary Warbler/Protonotaria citrea
340Flame-throated WarblerOreothlypis gutturalis
341/Tennessee Warbler/Leiothlypis peregrina
342Connecticut WarblerOporornis agilis
343Gray-crowned YellowthroatGeothlypis poliocephala
344MacGillivray's WarblerGeothlypis tolmiei
345/Mourning Warbler/Geothlypis philadelphia
346/Kentucky Warbler/Geothlypis formosa
347Olive-crowned YellowthroatGeothlypis semiflava
348/Common Yellowthroat/Geothlypis trichas
349/American Redstart/Setophaga ruticilla
350|Cerulean Warbler|Setophaga cerulea
351Northern ParulaSetophaga americana
352Tropical ParulaSetophaga pitiayumi
353/Magnolia Warbler/Setophaga magnolia
354/Bay-breasted Warbler/Setophaga castanea
355/Blackburnian Warbler/Setophaga fusca
356Yellow WarblerSetophaga petechia
357/Chestnut-sided Warbler/Setophaga pensylvanica
358Blackpoll WarblerSetophaga striata
359/Yellow-rumped Warbler/Setophaga coronata
360Yellow-throated WarblerSetophaga dominica
361Prairie WarblerSetophaga discolor
362/Black-throated Green Warbler/Setophaga virens
363Chestnut-capped WarblerBasileuterus delattrii
364Black-cheeked WarblerBasileuterus melanogenys
365Golden-crowned WarblerBasileuterus culicivorus
366Costa Rican WarblerBasileuterus melanotis
367Buff-rumped WarblerMyiothlypis fulvicauda
368|Canada Warbler|Cardellina canadensis
369/Wilson's Warbler/Cardellina pusilla
370Slate-throated RedstartMyioborus miniatus
371Collared RedstartMyioborus torquatus
372WrenthrushZeledonia coronata

 
Cardinals and Allies: Cardinalidae

373Hepatic TanagerPiranga flava
374/Summer Tanager/Piranga rubra
375|Scarlet Tanager|Piranga olivacea
376Flame-colored TanagerPiranga bidentata
377White-winged TanagerPiranga leucoptera
378Red-crowned Ant-TanagerHabia rubica
379Red-throated Ant-TanagerDriophlox fuscicauda
380Black-thighed GrosbeakPheucticus tibialis
381/Rose-breasted Grosbeak/Pheucticus ludovicianus
382Blue-black GrosbeakCyanoloxia cyanoides
383/Indigo Bunting/Passerina cyanea
384/Dickcissel/Spiza americana

 
Tanagers and Allies: Thraupidae

385Gray-headed TanagerEucometis penicillata
386White-lined TanagerTachyphonus rufus
387Scarlet-rumped TanagerRamphocelus passerinii
388Crimson-backed TanagerRamphocelus dimidiatus
389Blue-gray TanagerThraupis episcopus
390Palm TanagerThraupis palmarum
391Speckled TanagerIxothraupis guttata
392Golden-hooded TanagerStilpnia larvata
393Spangle-cheeked TanagerTangara dowii
394Bay-headed TanagerTangara gyrola
395Silver-throated TanagerTangara icterocephala
396Scarlet-thighed DacnisDacnis venusta
397Blue DacnisDacnis cayana
398Shining HoneycreeperCyanerpes lucidus
399Red-legged HoneycreeperCyanerpes cyaneus
400Green HoneycreeperChlorophanes spiza
401Slaty FlowerpiercerDiglossa plumbea
402Blue-black GrassquitVolatinia jacarina
403(Ruddy-breasted Seedeater)Sporophila minuta
404Variable SeedeaterSporophila corvina
405Morelet's SeedeaterSporophila morelleti
406Yellow-bellied SeedeaterSporophila nigricollis
407&Slate-colored SeedeaterlSporophila schistacea
408BananaquitCoereba flaveola
409Yellow-faced GrassquitTiaris olivaceus
410Buff-throated SaltatorSaltator maximus
411Black-headed SaltatorSaltator atriceps
412Streaked SaltatorSaltator striatipectus

 

 *Nomenclature and taxonomic affinities are based on Clements 6th Edition published 2007 with updates through 2021 maintained by the Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology, which relies largely on the AOU and SACC nomenclature committees. IUCN status may reflect splits not currently recognized by Clements.
**Species not accepted by Clements, AOU, or SACC that we recognize based on the IOC, field observations along with geographical separation, consensus opinions of field guide authors, and other sources. These species are potential splits in future Clements updates.

OTHER LOCALES

PRESENCE CODES

CodeDescription##
//Boreal Visitor56
\\Austral Visitor0
||Transient16
##Non-breeding Dispersal0
<>Erratic/Irregular5
()Breeding Season Only3
{}Casual/Vagrant11
[]Accidental0

STATUS CODES

CodeDescription##
NTNear Threatened10
VVulnerable2
ENEndangered0
CRCritically Endangered0

Species counts in code tables depend on completeness of the data. For some countries or locales, data may not include all species or information on species presence may be incomplete.