CAIRN'S ESPLANADE
AUSTRALIA
LOCALE
| # Species: | 216 |
| # Excl Vagrants: | 216 |
| # Endemics: | 9 |
| # Near Endemics: | 25 |
| Habitat: Mudflats, mangroves, gardens | |
BIRD CHECKLIST
The table below lists species recorded at this locale but does not indicate frequency of occurrence there. It does indicate whether each species is globally threatened or endangered according to the IUCN and also whether it is migratory, very rare, or accidental in the country. The list is based on available data and may be incomplete.*
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| 1 | Magpie Goose | Anseranas semipalmata | R | |
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| 2 | Wandering Whistling-Duck | Dendrocygna arcuata | R | |
| 3 | Black Swan | Cygnus atratus | R | |
| 4 | Radjah Shelduck | Rajah radjah | R | |
| 5 | Green Pygmy-Goose | Nettapus pulchellus | R | |
| 6 | Maned Duck | Chenonetta jubata | R | |
| 7 | Pacific Black Duck | Anas superciliosa | R | |
| 8 | Gray Teal | Anas gracilis | R | |
| 9 | <Pink-eared Duck> | Malacorhynchus membranaceus | R | |
| 10 | Hardhead | Aythya australis | R | |
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| 11 | Rock Pigeon | Columba livia | C | |
| 12 | Spotted Dove | Spilopelia chinensis | C | |
| 13 | Crested Pigeon | Ocyphaps lophotes | R | |
| 14 | Peaceful Dove | Geopelia placida | C | |
| 15 | Bar-shouldered Dove | Geopelia humeralis | C | |
| 16 | Wompoo Fruit-Dove | Ptilinopus magnificus | R | |
| 17 | Superb Fruit-Dove | Ptilinopus superbus | R | |
| 18 | <Rose-crowned Fruit-Dove> | Ptilinopus regina | R | |
| 19 | Torresian Imperial-Pigeon | Ducula spilorrhoa | C | |
| 20 | Topknot Pigeon | Lopholaimus antarcticus | R | |
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| 21 | Australian Bustard | Ardeotis australis | R | |
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| 22 | Oriental Cuckoo | Cuculus optatus | R | |
| 23 | (Pheasant Coucal) | Centropus phasianinus | R | |
| 24 | Pacific Koel | Eudynamys orientalis | UC | |
| 25 | (Channel-billed Cuckoo) | Scythrops novaehollandiae | UC | |
| 26 | Shining Bronze-Cuckoo | Chrysococcyx lucidus | R | |
| 27 | Little Bronze-Cuckoo | Chrysococcyx minutillus | C | |
| 28 | (Brush Cuckoo) | Cacomantis variolosus | R | |
| 29 | Fan-tailed Cuckoo | Cacomantis flabelliformis | R | |
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| 30 | Tawny Frogmouth | Podargus strigoides | R | |
| 31 | Papuan Frogmouth | Podargus papuensis | R | |
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| 32 | /White-throated Needletail/ | Hirundapus caudacutus | R | |
| 33 | Australian Swiftlet | Aerodramus terraereginae | C | |
| 34 | /Pacific Swift/ | Apus pacificus | R | |
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| 35 | Buff-banded Rail | Gallirallus philippensis | UC | |
| 36 | Red-necked Crake | Rallina tricolor | R | |
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| 37 | Beach Thick-knee | Esacus magnirostris | UC | |
| 38 | Bush Thick-knee | Burhinus grallarius | C | |
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| 39 | Pied Stilt | Himantopus leucocephalus | R | |
| 40 | Red-necked Avocet | Recurvirostra novaehollandiae | R | |
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| 41 | Pied Oystercatcher | Haematopus longirostris | C | |
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| 42 | /Black-bellied Plover/ | Pluvialis squatarola | R | |
| 43 | /Pacific Golden-Plover/ | Pluvialis fulva | C | |
| 44 | Black-fronted Dotterel | Charadrius melanops | C | |
| 45 | Masked Lapwing | Vanellus miles | C | |
| 46 | <Red-kneed Dotterel> | Erythrogonys cinctus | R | |
| 47 | /Oriental Plover/ | Anarhynchus veredus | R | |
| 48 | /Siberian Sand-Plover/ | Anarhynchus mongolus | C | |
| 49 | /Greater Sand-Plover/ | Anarhynchus leschenaultii | C | |
| 50 | /Double-banded Plover/ | Anarhynchus bicinctus | R | |
| 51 | Red-capped Plover | Anarhynchus ruficapillus | C | |
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| 52 | /Whimbrel/ | Numenius phaeopus | C | |
| 53 | /Little Curlew/ | Numenius minutus | R | |
| 54 | /Far Eastern Curlew/ | Numenius madagascariensis | C | |
| 55 | /Bar-tailed Godwit/ | Limosa lapponica | C | |
| 56 | /Black-tailed Godwit/ | Limosa limosa | C | |
| 57 | /Asian Dowitcher/ | Limnodromus semipalmatus | R | |
| 58 | /Latham's Snipe/ | Gallinago hardwickii | R | |
| 59 | /Terek Sandpiper/ | Xenus cinereus | C | |
| 60 | /Common Sandpiper/ | Actitis hypoleucos | R | |
| 61 | /Gray-tailed Tattler/ | Tringa brevipes | C | |
| 62 | Wandering Tattler | Tringa incana | R | |
| 63 | /Marsh Sandpiper/ | Tringa stagnatilis | UC | |
| 64 | /Wood Sandpiper/ | Tringa glareola | R | |
| 65 | /Common Redshank/ | Tringa totanus | ? | |
| 66 | /Common Greenshank/ | Tringa nebularia | C | |
| 67 | /Ruddy Turnstone/ | Arenaria interpres | R | |
| 68 | /Great Knot/ | Calidris tenuirostris | C | |
| 69 | /Red Knot/ | Calidris canutus | UC | |
| 70 | /Ruff/ | Calidris pugnax | ? | |
| 71 | /Broad-billed Sandpiper/ | Calidris falcinellus | UC | |
| 72 | /Sharp-tailed Sandpiper/ | Calidris acuminata | C | |
| 73 | /Curlew Sandpiper/ | Calidris ferruginea | C | |
| 74 | /Long-toed Stint/ | Calidris subminuta | ? | |
| 75 | /Red-necked Stint/ | Calidris ruficollis | C | |
| 76 | /Sanderling/ | Calidris alba | R | |
| 77 | Dunlin | Calidris alpina | VR | |
| 78 | /Little Stint/ | Calidris minuta | ? | |
| 79 | /Pectoral Sandpiper/ | Calidris melanotos | R | |
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| 80 | Australian Pratincole | Stiltia isabella | R | |
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| 81 | Silver Gull | Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae | C | |
| 82 | Laughing Gull | Leucophaeus atricilla | VR | |
| 83 | Franklin's Gull | Leucophaeus pipixcan | VR | |
| 84 | Kelp Gull | Larus dominicanus | ? | |
| 85 | Brown Noddy | Anous stolidus | R | |
| 86 | Black Noddy | Anous minutus | R | |
| 87 | #Sooty Tern# | Onychoprion fuscatus | R | |
| 88 | Little Tern | Sternula albifrons | C | |
| 89 | Australian Fairy Tern | Sternula nereis | R | |
| 90 | Australian Tern | Gelochelidon macrotarsa | C | |
| 91 | Caspian Tern | Hydroprogne caspia | C | |
| 92 | (Whiskered Tern) | Chlidonias hybrida | UC | |
| 93 | /White-winged Tern/ | Chlidonias leucopterus | R | |
| 94 | Roseate Tern | Sterna dougallii | R | |
| 95 | /Common Tern/ | Sterna hirundo | UC | |
| 96 | Black-naped Tern | Sterna sumatrana | R | |
| 97 | /White-fronted Tern/ | Sterna striata | R | |
| 98 | Lesser Crested Tern | Thalasseus bengalensis | UC | |
| 99 | Great Crested Tern | Thalasseus bergii | C | |
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| 100 | #Red-tailed Tropicbird# | Phaethon rubricauda | R | |
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| 101 | Wedge-tailed Shearwater | Ardenna pacificus | R | |
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| 102 | Black-necked Stork | Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus | UC | |
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| 103 | #Lesser Frigatebird# | Fregata ariel | R | |
| 104 | #Great Frigatebird# | Fregata minor | R | |
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| 105 | #Brown Booby# | Sula leucogaster | R | |
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| 106 | Australasian Darter | Anhinga novaehollandiae | UC | |
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| 107 | Little Pied Cormorant | Microcarbo melanoleucos | R | |
| 108 | Great Cormorant | Phalacrocorax carbo | R | |
| 109 | Little Black Cormorant | Phalacrocorax sulcirostris | R | |
| 110 | Pied Cormorant | Phalacrocorax varius | R | |
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| 111 | Australian Pelican | Pelecanus conspicillatus | C | |
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| 112 | Nankeen Night Heron | Nycticorax caledonicus | UC | |
| 113 | Pacific Reef-Heron | Egretta sacra | UC | |
| 114 | Little Egret | Egretta garzetta | C | |
| 115 | Pied Heron | Egretta picata | R | |
| 116 | White-faced Heron | Egretta novaehollandiae | C | |
| 117 | Striated Heron | Butorides striata | C | |
| 118 | Eastern Cattle Egret | Bubulcus coromandus | R | |
| 119 | Pacific Heron | Ardea pacifica | R | |
| 120 | Great Egret | Ardea alba | C | |
| 121 | Plumed Egret | Ardea plumifera | C | |
| 122 | Great-billed Heron | Ardea sumatrana | R | |
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| 123 | Glossy Ibis | Plegadis falcinellus | R | |
| 124 | Australian Ibis | Threskiornis molucca | C | |
| 125 | Straw-necked Ibis | Threskiornis spinicollis | C | |
| 126 | Royal Spoonbill | Platalea regia | C | |
| 127 | Yellow-billed Spoonbill | Platalea flavipes | R | |
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| 128 | Osprey | Pandion haliaetus | C | |
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| 129 | <Black-shouldered Kite> | Elanus axillaris | R | |
| 130 | Square-tailed Kite | Lophoictinia isura | R | |
| 131 | Pacific Baza | Aviceda subcristata | R | |
| 132 | Little Eagle | Hieraaetus morphnoides | R | |
| 133 | Swamp Harrier | Circus approximans | R | |
| 134 | Gray Goshawk | Accipiter novaehollandiae | R | |
| 135 | Brown Goshawk | Accipiter fasciatus | R | |
| 136 | Collared Sparrowhawk | Accipiter cirrocephalus | R | |
| 137 | Whistling Kite | Haliastur sphenurus | UC | |
| 138 | Brahminy Kite | Haliastur indus | C | |
| 139 | Black Kite | Milvus migrans | UC | |
| 140 | White-bellied Sea-Eagle | Icthyophaga leucogaster | UC | |
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| 141 | Barn Owl | Tyto alba | R | |
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| 142 | Rufous Owl | Ninox rufa | R | |
| 143 | Barking Owl | Ninox connivens | R | |
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| 144 | Little Kingfisher | Ceyx pusillus | R | |
| 145 | Laughing Kookaburra | Dacelo novaeguineae | R | |
| 146 | Blue-winged Kookaburra | Dacelo leachii | R | |
| 147 | Forest Kingfisher | Todiramphus macleayii | R | |
| 148 | (Sacred Kingfisher) | Todiramphus sanctus | C | |
| 149 | Collared Kingfisher | Todiramphus chloris | C | |
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| 150 | Rainbow Bee-eater | Merops ornatus | C | |
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| 151 | (Oriental Dollarbird) | Eurystomus orientalis | R | |
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| 152 | <Nankeen Kestrel> | Falco cenchroides | R | |
| 153 | Australian Hobby | Falco longipennis | R | |
| 154 | Brown Falcon | Falco berigora | R | |
| 155 | Peregrine Falcon | Falco peregrinus | UC | |
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| 156 | Sulphur-crested Cockatoo | Cacatua galerita | UC | |
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| 157 | <Red-winged Parrot> | Aprosmictus erythropterus | R | |
| 158 | Double-eyed Fig-Parrot | Cyclopsitta diophthalma | C | |
| 159 | Scaly-breasted Lorikeet | Trichoglossus chlorolepidotus | C | |
| 160 | Rainbow Lorikeet | Trichoglossus moluccanus | C | |
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| 161 | Purple-backed Fairywren | Malurus assimilis | R | |
| 162 | Red-backed Fairywren | Malurus melanocephalus | R | |
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| 163 | Cryptic Honeyeater | Microptilotis imitatrix | UC | |
| 164 | Yellow-spotted Honeyeater | Meliphaga notata | UC | |
| 165 | Yellow Honeyeater | Stomiopera flavus | C | |
| 166 | Varied Honeyeater | Gavicalis versicolor | C | |
| 167 | Brown-backed Honeyeater | Ramsayornis modestus | R | |
| 168 | Dusky Myzomela | Myzomela obscura | UC | |
| 169 | Brown Honeyeater | Lichmera indistincta | C | |
| 170 | Blue-faced Honeyeater | Entomyzon cyanotis | R | |
| 171 | White-throated Honeyeater | Melithreptus albogularis | R | |
| 172 | Helmeted Friarbird | Philemon buceroides | C | |
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| 173 | Striated Pardalote | Pardalotus striatus | R | |
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| 174 | Fairy Gerygone | Gerygone palpebrosa | R | |
| 175 | Large-billed Gerygone | Gerygone magnirostris | UC | |
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| 176 | Black-faced Cuckooshrike | Coracina novaehollandiae | R | |
| 177 | White-bellied Cuckooshrike | Coracina papuensis | C | |
| 178 | Varied Triller | Lalage leucomela | UC | |
| 179 | Common Cicadabird | Edolisoma tenuirostre | UC | |
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| 180 | Rufous Shrikethrush | Colluricincla rufogaster | R | |
| 181 | Golden Whistler | Pachycephala pectoralis | R | |
| 182 | Gray Whistler | Pachycephala simplex | R | |
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| 183 | Green Oriole | Oriolus flavocinctus | UC | |
| 184 | Australasian Figbird | Sphecotheres vieilloti | C | |
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| 185 | Yellow-breasted Boatbill | Machaerirhynchus flaviventer | R | |
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| 186 | White-breasted Woodswallow | Artamus leucorynchus | C | |
| 187 | Black Butcherbird | Melloria quoyi | UC | |
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| 188 | Willie-wagtail | Rhipidura leucophrys | C | |
| 189 | Australian Rufous Fantail | Rhipidura rufifrons | R | |
| 190 | Gray Fantail | Rhipidura albiscapa | R | |
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| 191 | Spangled Drongo | Dicrurus bracteatus | UC | |
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| 192 | Spectacled Monarch | Symposiachrus trivirgatus | R | |
| 193 | Magpie-lark | Grallina cyanoleuca | C | |
| 194 | Leaden Flycatcher | Myiagra rubecula | UC | |
| 195 | Satin Flycatcher | Myiagra cyanoleuca | R | |
| 196 | Shining Flycatcher | Myiagra alecto | C | |
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| 197 | Mangrove Robin | Melanodryas pulverulenta | C | |
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| 198 | Singing Bushlark | Mirafra javanica | R | |
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| 199 | Golden-headed Cisticola | Cisticola exilis | R | |
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| 200 | Australian Reed Warbler | Acrocephalus australis | R | |
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| 201 | <Brown Songlark> | Cincloramphus cruralis | R | |
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| 202 | Welcome Swallow | Hirundo neoxena | C | |
| 203 | /Barn Swallow/ | Hirundo rustica | ? | |
| 204 | Fairy Martin | Petrochelidon ariel | R | |
| 205 | Tree Martin | Petrochelidon nigricans | R | |
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| 206 | Silvereye | Zosterops lateralis | R | |
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| 207 | Metallic Starling | Aplonis metallica | C | |
| 208 | Common Myna | Acridotheres tristis | C | |
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| 209 | <Mistletoebird> | Dicaeum hirundinaceum | UC | |
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| 210 | Sahul Sunbird | Cinnyris frenatus | C | |
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| 211 | Red-browed Firetail | Neochmia temporalis | R | |
| 212 | Scaly-breasted Munia | Lonchura punctulata | C | |
| 213 | Chestnut-breasted Munia | Lonchura castaneothorax | R | |
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| 214 | House Sparrow | Passer domesticus | C | |
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| 215 | /Eastern Yellow Wagtail/ | Motacilla tschutschensis | ? | |
| 216 | Australian Pipit | Anthus australis | R | |
*Nomenclature and taxonomic affinities are based on Clements 6th Edition published 2007 with updates through 2021 maintained by the Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology, which relies largely on the AOU and SACC nomenclature committees. IUCN status may reflect splits not currently recognized by Clements.
**Species not accepted by Clements, AOU, or SACC that we recognize based on the IOC, field observations along with geographical separation, consensus opinions of field guide authors, and other sources. These species are potential splits in future Clements updates.
OTHER LOCALES
PRESENCE CODES
| Code | Description | ## |
| // | Boreal Visitor | 39 |
| \\ | Austral Visitor | 0 |
| || | Transient | 0 |
| ## | Non-breeding Dispersal | 5 |
| <> | Erratic/Irregular | 8 |
| () | Breeding Season Only | 6 |
| {} | Casual/Vagrant | 3 |
| [] | Accidental | 0 |
OCCURRENCE CODES
| Code | Description | ## |
| A | Abundant/Very Common | 0 |
| C | Common | 65 |
| FC | Fairly/Locally Common | 0 |
| UC | Uncommon/Scarce | 30 |
| R | Rare/Very Scarce | 110 |
| VR | Very Rare | 0 |
| X | Accidental/Vagrant | 0 |
| ? | Uncertain | 10 |
STATUS CODES
| Code | Description | ## |
| NT | Near Threatened | 12 |
| V | Vulnerable | 2 |
| EN | Endangered | 2 |
| CR | Critically Endangered | 0 |
Species counts in code tables depend on completeness of the data. For some countries or locales, data may not include all species or information on species presence may be incomplete.